Class II – Aorist and Future Passive & Perfect © Dr. Esa Autero

Slides:



Advertisements
Παρόμοιες παρουσιάσεις
Aorist Tense Mounce, Chapters 22 and 23.. Aorist  Simple past tense (all indicative forms have an augment).  Formed in one of two ways (1 st or 2 nd.
Advertisements

AΩ Summer Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 13. Greek Verbs Who is acting Kind (and with Indic, Time) of action Manner in which action is regarded by subject Relation.
Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15.
Summer Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 14.
Greek Verbs. Present Tense The Present Tense is formed from the first principle part of any verb. κελεύω, κελεύσω, ἐκέλευσα, κεκέλευκα, κεκέλευσμαι, ἐκελεύσθην.
Aorist & Future Passive
Mounce, Basics of Biblical Greek, chapter 25.
Imperfect Tense Mounce, chapter 21.
AΩ Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 20. Participles, Tenses & Translation Participle Main Verb PRESENT FUT will be saved PRES are being saved Believing, they.
Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 19.
Estoy agradecido a Wermuth’s Greekbook por esta presentación de los verbos indicativos.
Class IX: Present Middle/Passive Ind. and Future Active/Middle Ind.
AΩ Summer Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 12. Principal Parts BelieveBelievedHave believed HitHitHave hit RunRanHave run GoWentHave gone.
Class II – 1st Aorist Act/Mid Indicative
LAN 402 BEGINNING GREEK II Class II – Aorist and Future Passive & Perfect.
AΩ Summer Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 16. Principal Parts Present Active (Deponent) Future Active (Deponent) Aorist Active (Deponent) Perfect Active.
Class X: Verbal Roots and Imperfect
Class IV – Third Declension nouns
AΩ Summer Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15 Fall Greek
AΩ Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 21. Contract Verbs ANALYZE (PNTMV or GNCTV) forms of λαλεω = to speak ἐ λαλησαμεν ἐ λαλησαμεν ἐ λαληθη ἐ λαληθη λαλησω.
Passive Voice. English two voices: active and passive. In the ACTIVE VOICE the subject is the performer of the main action. In the PASSIVE VOICE the subject.
Week 11 Quiz Sentence #2. The sentence. λαλο ῦ μεν ε ἰ δότες ὅ τι ὁ ἐ γείρας τ ὸ ν κύριον Ἰ ησο ῦ ν κα ὶ ἡ μ ᾶ ς σ ὺ ν Ἰ ησο ῦ ἐ γερε ῖ κα ὶ παραστήσει.
Mastering NT Greek 3. Present Active Indicative Verb By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic.
Unit 11. Imperatives Another verbal mood in Greek is the Imperative mood. Another verbal mood in Greek is the Imperative mood. Imperative mood expresses.
Mastering NT Greek 5. Nouns: First Declension 5. Nouns: First Declension By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic.
LAN 401 BEGINNING GREEK I Class VIII: Contract verbs.
LAN 402 BEGINNING GREEK II Class IX: Imperative. Imperative 1.1 Imperative  In English – second person command You! No inflection  In Greek similar.
Prepositions and Review
Class IX: Present Middle/Passive Ind. and Future Active/Middle Ind.
Present Middle-Passive Indicative
Genitive and Dative Nouns
Nominative and Accusative Nouns and THE Definite Article
Contract Verbs Introduction to Greek By Stephen Curto
Class X: Athematic verbs II
Class XI: 2nd Aorist Act/Mid Ind.
Adjectives Introduction to Greek By Stephen Curto For Intro to Greek
Third Declension Nouns
Future Active, Future Middle, and the Imperfect Indicative
2013 edition Wilfred E. Major
Personal Pronouns Introduction to Greek By Stephen Curto
Class V: Personal Pronouns and 3rd Decl. Cont.
Homework Exercise 6 α. ἡ ὥρα ἔρχεται (he/she/it comes)
Class VII: Relative Pronouns; Pr. Ind.Verbs
Class V: Personal Pronouns and 3rd Decl. Cont. (chs )
Class IV – Third Declension nouns © Dr. Esa Autero
Class VII: Relative Pronouns; Present Indicative Verbs
Class IX: Present Middle/Passive Ind. and Future Active/Middle Ind.
Class XI: 2nd Aorist Act/Mid Ind. © Dr. Esa Autero
Class X: Verbal Roots and Imperfect © Dr. Esa Autero
Class III Introduction to Participles and Adverbial Participle
Class IV Aorist Adverbial Participle © Dr. Esa Autero
Class II – Aorist and Future Passive & Perfect © Dr. Esa Autero
Verbs.
Personal Pronouns.
Review.
Class VII: Infinitive © Dr. Esa Autero
Class IX: Athematic verbs I © Dr. Esa Autero
Class VIII: Imperative © Dr. Esa Autero
Class X: Athematic verbs II © Dr. Esa Autero
Chapter 32 Infinitive.
Class VIII: Contract verbs © Dr. Esa Autero
Future Active/Middle Indicative
Nonindicative of δίδωμι Conditional Sentences
First Aorist Active/Middle Indicative
Nominative & Accusative Definite Article
1 and 2 Personal Pronouns More third declension stems
Perfective (Aorist) Adverbial Participle
Present Active Indicative
Chapter 34 Indicative of δίδωμι.
Verbs (Indicative).
Μεταγράφημα παρουσίασης:

Class II – Aorist and Future Passive & Perfect © Dr. Esa Autero GRE 4221 Beginning Greek II Class II – Aorist and Future Passive & Perfect © Dr. Esa Autero

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 1.1 Aorist Passive Past passive and future passive in English Past passive in English Was/were + past participle I was flunked by my Hebrew teacher Future passive in English “Will be” + past participle I will be flunked by my Hebrew teacher

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect First Aorist Passive Translated with helping verb “was/were” Aorist = undefined aspect τότε ἐπληρώθη τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἰερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου (Mt 2:17) Then was fulfilled what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah ἐ + λυ + θη + ν Aug.+ aor. pass. stem+ tense form. (θη) + second act. end.  ἐλύθην

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Paradigm – 1st Aor. pass. ind. 1st aor pass tense generally same as present stem & root 1st aor pass. Translation Impf. Act. Sg. 1 ἐλύθην I was loosed ἔλυον Sg. 2 ἐλύθης You were loosed ἔλυες Sg. 3 ἐλύθη s/he was loosed ἔλυε Pl. 1 ἐλύθημεν We were loosed ἐλύομεν Pl. 2 ἐλύθητε ἐλύετε Pl. 3 ἐλύθησαν They were loosed

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Lexical entry = 6th form Stems ending in stop Stops change when followed by theta as follows: πθ  φθ ----- βλεπ + θη  ἐβλέφθην βθ  φθ ----- ἐλημβ + θη  ἐλήμφθην κθ  χθ ----- διωκ + θη  ἐδιώχθην γθ  χθ ----- αγ + θη  ἤχθην τθ  σθ ----- βαπτιδ + θη  ἐβαπτίσθην θθ  σθ ----- πειθ + θη ἐπείσθην

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2nd Aor passive indicative Aug.+ aor. pass. stem+ tense form. (η) + second act. end. ἐ + γραφ + η + μεν  ἐγράφημεν NT has only 32 words in 2nd aorist passive γράφω has the same stem in 2nd aor and present ἔγραφον/-ομην (impf), ἔγραψα (aor. act), ἐγράφην (aor. pass)

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2nd aor pass Translation 1st aor pass Sg. 1 ἐγράφην I was written ἐλύθην Sg. 2 ἐγράφης You were written ἐλύθης Sg. 3 ἐγράφη s/he was written ἐλύθη Pl. 1 ἐγράφημεν We were written ἐλύθημεν Pl. 2 ἐγράφητε ἐλύθητε Pl. 3 ἐγράφησαν They were written ἐλύθησαν

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect In 2nd aorist passive Stem same as in present OR Stem same as in aorist active OR Different from both  Memorize personal endings and tense formative

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 1.2 Future Passive 1st Future Passive: Future passive is formed from aorist passive tense stem No augment Middle/passive endings Aor pass stem+ tense form (θησ)+ conct. vowel+ prim m/p endings λυ + θησ + ο + μαι  λυθήσομαι

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 1st fut pass Translation Fut mid Sg. 1 λυθήσομαι I’ll be loosed πορεύσομαι Sg. 2 λυθήσῃ You’ll be loosed πορεύσῃ Sg. 3 λυθήσεται s/he’ll be loosed πορεύσεται Pl. 1 λυθησόμεθα We’ll be loosed πορευσόμεθα Pl. 2 λυθήσεσθαι You will be loosed πορεύσεσθε Pl. 3 λυθήσονται They will be loosed πορεύσονται

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2nd Future Passive: Aor pass stem + tense form (ησ) + con vowel + prim. m/d endings ἀποσταλ + ησ + ο + μαι  ἀποσταλήσομαι 2nd fur pas Translation Endings Sg. 1 ἀποσταλήσομαι I’ll be sent -μαι Sg. 2 ἀποσταλήσῃ You’ll be sent -σαι Sg. 3 ἀποσταλήσεται s/he’ll be sent -ται Pl. 1 ἀποσταλησόμεθα We’ll be sent -μεθα Pl. 2 ἀποσταλήσεσθε -σθε Pl. 3 ἀποσταλήσονται They’ll be sent -νται

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Practice: pp. 95 Parsing Warm-up

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2.1 Perfect indicative English – no exact counterpart Pf. = something that happened in the past Accurate up to now [“I have written”] Pr. pass. Action w/ current consequences [“It is written”] Meaning of Greek Perfect “action that was brought to completion and whose effects are felt in the present” E.g. “Jesus died” [aor.] “Jesus has died” [pf.] “It is written” [pf.] indicates present implication

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Translation – use context to pick best translation E.g. “have/has” + past participle θυγάτηρ, ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκεν σε. ὕπαγε εἰς εἰρήνην (Mk 5:34) Daughter, your faith has saved you. Go in peace. English present tense when context implies that current implication are being emphasized μετανοῖετε. ἤγγικεν γὰρ ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν (Mt 3:2) Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Paradigm: Perfect Active Indicative Reduplication + pf act stem + tense form (κα) + prim act endings λ + ε + λυ + κα + μεν  λελύκαμεν Pf. Act Translation Aor. Act. Sg. 1 λέλυκα I have loosed ἔλυσα Sg. 2 λέλυκας You have loosed ἔλυσας Sg. 3 λέλυκε(ν) s/he has loosed ἔλυσε(ν) Pl.1 λελύκαμεν We have loosed ἐλύσαμεν Pl. 2 λέλυκατε ἐλύσατε Pl. 3 λελύκασι(ν)/λέλυκαν They have loosed ἔλυσαν

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Paradigm: Perfect middle/passive Indicative Reduplication + pf. Mid/pass stem + prim m/p endings λ + ε + λυ + μαι  λέλυμαι NOTE: no tense formative or connecting vowel! Pf mid/pass. Translation Pr. Mid/pass Sg .1 λέλυμαι I’ve been loosed λύομαι Sg. 2 λέλυσαι You’ve been loosed λύῃ Sg. 3 λέλυται s/he has been loosed λύεται Pl. 1 λελύμεθα We’ve been loosed λυόμεθα Pl. 2 λέλυσθε λύεσθε Pl. 3 λέλυνται They’ve been loosed λύονται

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Basic rules for reduplication: 1) Consonantal reduplication If verb begins w/ single consonant  consonant reduplicated and epsilon placed in between consonants λύω  λελυ-  λέλυκα φ, χ, θ  π, κ, τ φανερόω  φεφανερο-  πεφανέρωκα χαρίζομαι χεχαριζ-  κεχάρισμαι θεραπεύω  θεθεραπευ-  τεθεράπευμαι

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2) Vocalic reduplication If verb begins with a vowel/diphthong, vowel is lengthened [cf. augment in aor/impf] ἀγαπάω  ἠγάπηκα αἰτέω  ᾔτηκα εὑρίσκω  εὕρηκα [diphthong often does not reduplicate] (γινώσκω) – γνω  ἔγνωκα [two consonants - vocalic] 3) Compound verb Reduplicates the verbal part of the compound verb ἐκβάλλω  ἐκβέβληκα

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Second perfect Identical to the first except tense formative is -α not -κα OR irregular form ἀκούω  ἀκήκοα γίνομαι  γέγονα λαμβάνω  εἴληφα γράφω  γέγραφα ἔχρχομαι  ἐλήλυθα  No second perfect middle/passive

Present Middle and Passive Indicative 2.2 Function of the middle voice Several shades of meaning – the basic ones are: (a) Direct Middle The reflexive use – nearest to basic idea ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐγείρεται The man raises himself up

Present Middle and Passive Indicative The reciprocal use – a plural subject engages in an interchange of action οἱ ἄνθρωποι διδάσκονται The men are teaching one another (b) Indirect Middle Subject is acting with reference to itself OR on behalf of itself λαμβάνεται δῶρα She is taking for herself gifts

Present Middle and Passive Indicative (c) Intensive Middle The stress is on the agent producing the action – use “self” διδάσκεται τὴν ἀλήθειαν He himself is teaching the truth (nobody else is teaching)

Present Middle and Passive Indicative (d) Deponent/Defective Middle Defective/deponent – appear in the middle but active in function ἔρχομαι ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας I come from the church Deponent – always looks like pass/mid. Always active in meaning Recognition – check lexical form Always listed with mid/pass ending Parsing – ‘deponent’ or ‘middle’

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2.3 Advanced information Stems ending in stop – significant changes Other examples see p. 234 Labial πβφ Pers. End Sg. 1 -μαι γέγραμμαι Sg. 2 -σαι γέγραψαι Sg. 3 -ται γέγραπται Pl. 1 -μεθα γεγράμμεθα Pl. 2 -σθε γέγραφθε Pl. 3 -νται εἰσὶ γεγραμμένοι

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect 2.4 Pluperfect 28 verbs in NT occurring 86 times total Meaning: action completed with effects felt at the time of the completion but before the time of the speaker Perfect tense stem with preceding reduplication augments Augment not always present Tense formative (κ) or none Connecting vowels ει and secondary endings

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Active 1st pluperfect 2nd pluperfect Sg. 1 (ἐ)λελύκειν (ἐ)γεγράφειν Sg. 2 (ἐ)λελύκεις (ἐ)γεγράφεις Sg. 3 (ἐ)λελύκει(ν) (ἐ)γεγράφει(ν) Pl. 1 (ἐ)λελύκειμεν (ἐ)γεγράφειμεν Pl. 2 (ἐ)λελύκειτε (ἐ)γεγράφειτε Pl. 3 (ἐ)λελύκεισαν (ἐ)γεγράφεισαν Middle passive 1st pluperfect Sg. 1 (ἐ)λελύμην Sg. 2 (ἐ)λέλυσο Sg. 3 (ἐ)λέλυτο Pl. 1 (ἐ)λελύμεθα Pl. 2 (ἐ)λέλυσθε Pl. 3 (ἐ)λέλυντο

Aorist & Future Pass and Perfect Practice and homework: Pp. 99 Parsing & warm-up Homework: P. 97, no: 8-10 – quiz 24 P. 101 8-10 – quiz 25