LAN 401 BEGINNING GREEK I Class VIII: Contract verbs
The Greek Verb Cont. SingularPlural λύω I loose λύομεν We loose λύεις You loose λύετε You loose λύει He/she/it is looses λύουσι(ν) They loose λύειν To loose (infinitive) Only tense and voice Functions as verb or noun
Contract Verbs 1.1 Introduction to Contract Verbs Contract verbs are verbs that end in: α, ε, ο [letter before connecting vowel & personal ending] The final vowel is called the “contract vowel” αγαπα- “Contract vowel” + connecting vowel contraction ποιε- +ομεν ποιο ῦ μεν
Contract Verbs all α, ε, ο contract vowels behave in similar manner Contractions only in present and imperfect tenses Some examples: ποιέ-ω ποιο ῦ μεν < ποιεομεν < ποιε-ομεν ἀ γαπάω ἀ γαπ ᾷ < ἀ γαπαει < ἀ γαπα-ει
Contract Verbs 1.2 Rules of Contraction - Basics Five basic rules of contraction: 1.) ου formed from εο, οε, and οο ου < εοποιο ῦ μεν < ποιεομεν ου < οε πληρο ῦ τε < πληροετε ου < οο πληρο ῦ μεν < πληροομεν
Contract Verbs 2.) ει is formed from εε ει < εε ποιε ῖ τε < ποιεετε 3.) ω is formed from almost any combination of ο or ω with any other vowel, except for rule no:1. ω < αο ἀ γαπ ῶ μεν < ἀ γαπαομεν
Contract Verbs 4.) α is formed from αε α < αε ἀ γαπ ᾶ τε < ἀ γαπαετε ᾳ < αει ἀ γαπ ᾷ < ἀ γαπαει 5.) η is formed from εαι ᾐ < εαι ποι ῇ < ποιηι < ποιεαι < ποιεσαι [fut.mid.sg.2] αε, εα “The first one wins”
Contract Verbs 1.3 Paradigm – Contract Verbs (Pr. Ac. Ind.) -άω-έω-όω ἀ γαπ ῶ (αω)ποι ῶ (εω)πληρ ῶ (οω) ἀ γαπ ᾷ ς (αεις)ποε ῖ ς (εεις)πληρο ῖ ς (οεις) ἀ γαπ ᾷ (αει)ποιε ῖ (εει)πληρο ῖ (οει) ἀ γαπ ῷ μεν (αομεν) ποιο ῦ μεν (εομεν) πληρο ῦ μεν (οομεν) ἀ γαπ ᾶ τε (αετε)ποιε ῖ τε (εετε)πληρο ῦ τε(ν) (οετε) ἀ γαπ ῶ σι(ν) (αουσι) ποιο ῦ σι(ν) (εουσι) πληρο ῦ σι(ν) (οουσι)
Contract Verbs Practice p. 63 Warm-up Parsing Homework: p , no: 6-10