Present Active Indicative Chapter 16 Present Active Indicative
English Grammar Time: (usually) present Aspect: Imperfective (“I am studying.”) Voice: Active Mood: Indicative
Overview Chart: Present Active Indicative Present tense stem + Connecting vowel + Primary active personal endings λυ + ο + μεν → λύομεν
Present Active Indicative λύω I am loosing ο - λύεις You are loosing ε ς λύει He/she/it is loosing ε ι λύομεν We are loosing ο μεν λύετε You are loosing ε τε λύουσι(ν) They are loosing ο νσι
Formation of Verb Root and Stem Connecting vowel The most basic form of the verb in a particular tense Connecting vowel μ or ν: ο (λέγομεν) Anything else: ε (λέγετε)
Anything else: ε (λέγετε) Formation of Verb μ or ν: ο (λέγομεν) Anything else: ε (λέγετε)
Formation of Verb Personal ending Primary Personal Endings Agree with subject (εἰμί) Subject not required Confirm right subject (linkage) Primary Personal Endings First of four
Master Personal Ending Chart Primary Secondary Active Middle/Passive
Master Personal Ending Chart λύω - λύεις ς λύει ι λύομεν μεν λύετε τε λύουσι(ν) νσι
Personal Pronouns (Nominative) Emphasis ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ Ῥόβιν. Contrast “Not as I will but as you will.” Reflexive?
Personal Pronouns (Nominative) ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ Ῥόβιν.
Master Indicative Verb Chart Tense Aug/ Tense Tense Conn. Personal 1st sg Redup stem form. vowel endings paradigm Present act pres ο/ε prim act λύω
Summary Present active indicative Verbal root – tense stem Connecting vowels (ο/ε) Primary active endings (agreement)
4. Primary Active Endings λύω - λύεις ς λύει ι λύομεν μεν λύετε τε λύουσι(ν) νσι
Vocabulary Learn form, definition, root (“stem”) Second line Write out on your vocab cards Ignore for now
ἀκούω
βλέπω
ἔχω
λύω
νόμος, -ου, ὁ
ὅπου
πιστεύω
πρόσωπον, -ου, τό
τότε
τυφλός, -ή, -όν
χαρά, -ᾶς, ἡ