LAN 401 BEGINNING GREEK I Class VIII: Contract verbs.

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1 LAN 401 BEGINNING GREEK I Class VIII: Contract verbs

2 The Greek Verb Cont. SingularPlural λύω I loose λύομεν We loose λύεις You loose λύετε You loose λύει He/she/it is looses λύουσι(ν) They loose λύειν To loose (infinitive) Only tense and voice Functions as verb or noun

3 Contract Verbs 1.1 Introduction to Contract Verbs  Contract verbs are verbs that end in:  α, ε, ο [letter before connecting vowel & personal ending]  The final vowel is called the “contract vowel” αγαπα-  “Contract vowel” + connecting vowel  contraction ποιε- +ομεν  ποιο ῦ μεν

4 Contract Verbs  all α, ε, ο contract vowels behave in similar manner  Contractions only in present and imperfect tenses  Some examples: ποιέ-ω ποιο ῦ μεν < ποιεομεν < ποιε-ομεν ἀ γαπάω ἀ γαπ ᾷ < ἀ γαπαει < ἀ γαπα-ει

5 Contract Verbs 1.2 Rules of Contraction - Basics  Five basic rules of contraction: 1.) ου formed from εο, οε, and οο ου < εοποιο ῦ μεν < ποιεομεν ου < οε πληρο ῦ τε < πληροετε ου < οο πληρο ῦ μεν < πληροομεν

6 Contract Verbs 2.) ει is formed from εε ει < εε ποιε ῖ τε < ποιεετε 3.) ω is formed from almost any combination of ο or ω with any other vowel, except for rule no:1. ω < αο ἀ γαπ ῶ μεν < ἀ γαπαομεν

7 Contract Verbs 4.) α is formed from αε α < αε ἀ γαπ ᾶ τε < ἀ γαπαετε ᾳ < αει ἀ γαπ ᾷ < ἀ γαπαει 5.) η is formed from εαι ᾐ < εαι ποι ῇ < ποιηι < ποιεαι < ποιεσαι [fut.mid.sg.2]  αε, εα  “The first one wins”

8 Contract Verbs 1.3 Paradigm – Contract Verbs (Pr. Ac. Ind.) -άω-έω-όω ἀ γαπ ῶ (αω)ποι ῶ (εω)πληρ ῶ (οω) ἀ γαπ ᾷ ς (αεις)ποε ῖ ς (εεις)πληρο ῖ ς (οεις) ἀ γαπ ᾷ (αει)ποιε ῖ (εει)πληρο ῖ (οει) ἀ γαπ ῷ μεν (αομεν) ποιο ῦ μεν (εομεν) πληρο ῦ μεν (οομεν) ἀ γαπ ᾶ τε (αετε)ποιε ῖ τε (εετε)πληρο ῦ τε(ν) (οετε) ἀ γαπ ῶ σι(ν) (αουσι) ποιο ῦ σι(ν) (εουσι) πληρο ῦ σι(ν) (οουσι)

9 Contract Verbs  Practice p. 63  Warm-up  Parsing  Homework:  p. 64-65, no: 6-10