Class V: Personal Pronouns and 3rd Decl. Cont. (chs. 11-12) GRE 4220 Beginning Greek I Class V: Personal Pronouns and 3rd Decl. Cont. (chs. 11-12) © Dr. Esa Autero

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns 1.1 Introduction to Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns are used to replace nouns and avoid repetition. I am speaking to John and teaching him. I have a sister and I like her. ‘John’ and ‘sister’ are called antecedent!  Greek personal pronouns are used in the same way

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns Case, number, person Case – function in the sentence Number is determined by the antecedent Person is determined by its antecedent I am speaking to John and teaching him. I have a sister and I like her.

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns English forms: First Person Second Person Subjective sg. I you Possessive sg. My your Objective sg. Me you Subjective pl. We you Possessive pl. Our your Objective pl. Us you

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns Greek pronouns 1st Person 2nd Person Nom. Sg. ἐγώ I σύ You Gen. Sg. μου (ἐμοῦ) My σου (σοῦ) Your Dat. Sg. μοι (ἐμοί) to me σοι (σοί) To you Acc. Sg. με (ἐμέ) Me σε (σέ) Nom. pl. ἡμεῖς We ὑμεῖς Gen. pl. ἡμῶν Our ὑμῶν Dat. pl. ἡμῖν to us ὑμῖν Acc. pl. ἡμᾶς us ὑμᾶς you

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns Translation of personal pronouns ὁ λόγος μου OR ὁ λόγος σου My word your word Lit. ‘the word of me’ Lit. ‘the word of you’ ἐγὼ βαπτίζω ὑμᾶς ὕδατι I baptize you in/with water The number and case of “you”?  pl. acc.

1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronouns 2.1 More 3rd declension words χαριτ- φως, τό ελπιδ- σαρκ- Nom. Sg. χάρις φῶς ἐλπίς σάρξ Gen. Sg. χάριτος φωτός ἐλπίδος σαρκός Dat. Sg. χάριτι φωτί ἐλπίδι σαρκί Acc. Sg. χάριτα(-ν) ἐλπίδα σάρκα Nom. pl. χάριτες φῶτα ἐλπίδες σάρκες Gen. pl. χαρίτων φώτων ἐλπίδων σαρκῶν Dat. pl. χάρισι(ν) φῶσι(ν) ἐλπίσι(ν) σαρξί(ν) Acc. pl. χάριτας ἐλπίδας σάρκας

3rd Declension Nouns Continued The final iota = consonantal iota (CI) CI drops and replaced by iota or epsilon If the case ending begins w/ vowel  epsilon If with consonant  iota All CI words are feminine Consonantal iota stem Nom. Sg. πίστις Gen. Sg. πίστεως Dat. Sg. πίστει Acc. Sg. πίστιν Nom. Pl. πίστεις Gen. Pl. πίστεων Dat. Pl. πίστεσι(ν) Acc. Pl.

3rd Declension Nouns Continued πατρ- ὑδατ- Nom. Sg. πατήρ ὕδωρ, τό Gen. Sg. πατρός ὕδατος Dat. Sg. πατρί ὕδατι Acc. Sg. πατέρα ὕδωρ Nom. pl. πατέρες ὕδατα Gen. pl. πατέρων ὕδατων Dat. pl. πατράσι(ν) ὕδασι(ν) Acc. pl. πατέρας

Practice and Exercises Workbook p. 35 Warm-up Parsing Homework: p. 37, no: 7-9 Quiz, vocabulary chs. 10-11.

3rd Person Personal Pronouns 1.1 Personal Pronouns - Review Personal pronouns are used to replace nouns and avoid repetition. I am speaking to John and teaching him. I have a sister and I like her. ‘John’ and ‘sister’ are called antecedent!  Greek personal pronouns are used in the same way

3rd Person Personal Pronouns Case, number, person Case – function in the sentence Number is determined by the antecedent Person in determined by its antecedent I am speaking to John and teaching him. I have a sister and I like her.

3rd Person Personal Pronouns English forms: Masc. Fem. Neut. Subjective sg. he she it Possessive sg. his her its Objective sg. him her it All Genders Subjective pl. they Possessive pl. their Objective pl. them

3rd Person Personal Pronouns 2- Masc 1- Fem. 2- Neut. Nom. Sg. αὐτός He αὐτή She αὐτό It Gen. Sg. αὐτοῦ His αὐτῆς Her Its Dat. Sg. αὐτῷ To him αὐτῇ To her To it Acc. Sg. αὐτόν him αὐτήν it Nom. pl. αὐτοί They αὐταί αὐτά Gen. pl. αὐτῶν Their Dat. pl. αὐτοῖς To them αὐταῖς Acc. Pl. αὐτούς them αὐτάς

Personal pronouns and enclitics 1.3 Personal pronouns in Greek Case, gender, and number βλέπω τὸν μαθητὴν καὶ διδάσκω αὐτόν I see the disciple and I teach him. antecedent pronoun  A pronoun agrees w/ its antecedent in gender & number

Personal pronouns and enclitics γίνωσκω τῆν ἐκκλησίαν καὶ μένω ἐν αὐτῃ I know the church and remain in it. antecedent pronoun  A pronoun agrees with its antecedent in gender and number; case varies according usage in the sentence.  ἐκκλησία is feminine in Greek - use fem. pronoun

3rd Person Personal Pronouns Use of the Nominative Personal pronouns are not used as subjects of verbs in Greek except for emphasis λέγω καὶ γράφεις – I speak and you write ἐγω λέγω καὶ σὺ γράφεις - I speak but you write

3rd Person Personal Pronouns Use of αὐτός in the nominative i. Attributive position translated as “same” ὁ αὐτὸς ἀπόστολος OR ὁ ἀπότολος ὁ αὐτός The same apostle ii. Predicate position translated “self” αὐτός ὁ ἀπόστολος OR ὁ ἀπόστολος αὐτος The apostle himself

3rd Person Personal Pronouns iii. Another intensive use of αὐτος αὐτὸς ἐγὼ λέγω OR αὐτος σὺ λέγεις I myself say you yourself say

3rd Person Personal Pronouns Expressing possession Personal pronouns are used to express possession in genitive case ὁ λόγος αύτῶν OR ὁ λόγος αὐτῆς Their word Her word

Practice and Exercises Workbook p. 41 Warm-up Parsing Homework: p. 37, no: 7-9 p. 43, no: 8-10