Mastering NT Greek 15. First Aorist Verbs Here a sa, there a sa, everywhere a sa, sa By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic

2-1-2 Paradigms - Chant this λόγος γραφή ἱ ερόν λόγου γραφ ῆ ς ἱ ερο ῦ λόγ ῳ γραφ ῇ ἱ ερ ῷ λόγον γραφήν ἱ ερόν λόγοι γραφαί ἱ ερά λόγων γραφ ῶ ν ἱ ερ ῶ ν λόγοις γραφα ῖ ς ἱ ερο ῖ ς λόγους γραφάς ἱ ερά

3 rd Declension Chantables χαρίς ὄ νομα, πίστις χάρις ὄ νομα πίστις χάριτος ὀ νόματος πίστεως χάριτι ὀ νόματι πίστει χάριτα ὄ νομα πίστιν χάριτες ὀ νόματα πίστεις χαρίτων ὀ νομάτων πίστεων χάρισι(ν) ὀ νόμασι(ν) πίστεσι(ν) χάριτας ὀ νόματα πίστεις

PAI Verb Chant λύωλύομεν λύειςλύετε λύειλύουσι(ν)

The "is" verb PAI -- ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν)

Imperfect ε ἰ μί ἤ μην ἦ μεν ἦ ς ἦ τε ἦ ν ἦ σαν

Person Personal Pronoun Chant Singular Plural Nom. ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς Gen. μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν Dat. μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν Acc. με σε ἡ μάς α ὐ τός, α ὐ τη, α ὐ τό (he, she, it)

Present Middle/Passive Indicative λύομαι, -ομεθα - ῃ, -εσθε -εται, -ονται I am loosed/am being loosed I loose myself/am loosing [for myself]

Shape of the Future in Greek λύσω λύσομεν I will loose We will loose λύσεις λύσετε You will loose You all will loose λύσει λύσουσι(ν) S/he/it will loose They will loose Chant this one

Future Middle Paradigm λύσομαι -όμεθα - ῃ -εσθε -εται -ονται I will loose (for myself) We will loose (for ourselves) …

Demonstrative and Relative Pronouns Summary ἐ κε ῖ νος, ἐ κείνη, ἐ κε ῖ νο = that ο ὗ τος, α ὕ τη, το ῦ το τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου = this ὅ ς ἥ ὅ = Relative (who, which) ο ὗ ἧ ς ο ὗ

Imperfect Active Paradigm of λύω Chant : ἐ λυον, ν, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν I was loosing, …

Imperfect Middle/Passive (IM/PI) Chant: ἐ λυόμην ου, ετο, ομεθα, εσθε, οντο I was being loosed

Person Personal Pronoun Chant Singular Plural Nom. ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς Gen. μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν Dat. μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν Acc. με σε ἡ μάς α ὐ τός, α ὐ τή, α ὐ τό (he, she, it)

Second Aorist Active Chant ἔ λαβον ν, σ, ε, μεν, τε, ν

Second Aorist Middle Chant ἐ γενόμην -ου, -ετο, -ομεθα, -εσθε, -οντο

Aorist Stem Changes -- 8 to know ἔ ρχομαι == ἦ λθον (I came, went) βλέπω == ε ἶ δον (I saw) λέγω == ε ἶ πον (I said) γίνομαι == ἐ γενόμην (I became) γινώσκω == ἔ γνων (I knew) ἔ χω == ἔ σχον ( I had) λαμβάνω == ἔ λαβον (I took) ε ὑ ρίσκω == ε ὗ ρον (I found)

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer Πάτερ ἡ μ ῶ ν ὁ ἐ ν το ῖ ς ο ὐ ρανο ῖ ς father our the one in heaven ἁ γιασθήτω τ ὸ ὄ νομά σου make holy name your ἐ λθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου let come kingdom your γενηθήτω τ ὸ θέλημά σου, let be will your

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer ὡ ς ἐ ν ο ὐ ραν ῷ κα ὶ ἐ π ὶ γ ῆ ς· as in heaven also on earth τ ὸ ν ἄ ρτον ἥ μ ῶ ν τ ὸ ν the bread our ἐ πιούσιον δ ὸ ς ἡ μ ῖ ν σήμερον· daily give us today

Introduction to First Aorists: English Two ways of forming the past in English 1) Suffixed -ed -- 1st Aorist (σα) Charlie laughs. Charlie laughed. 2) Internal Stem change -- 2nd Aorist Charlie runs. Charlie ran.

Basic 1st Aorist form Augment+Verb Stem+Tense Formative+Secondary End ε + λυ + σα + ς = ἔ λυσας

1st Aorist Active Paradigm Singular Plural ἔ λυσα ἐ λύσαμεν I loosed we loosed ἔ λυσας ἐ λύσατε you loosed you all loosed ἔ λυσε(ν) ἔ λυσαν He/she/it loosed they loosed Chant: ἔ λυσα: --, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν

1st Aorist Middle Paradigm Singular Plural ἐ λυσάμην ἐ λυσάμεθα I loosed for myself we loosed for ourselves ἐ λύσω ἐ λύσασθε you loosed for yourself you all loosed for yourselves ἐ λύσατο ἐ λύσαντο s/he/it loosed for himself they loosed for themselves Chant: ἐ λυσάμην: -ω, -ατο, -αμεθα, -ασθε, -αντο

Ending transformations Velars: κ, γ, or χ + σ = ξ ἐ δίδαξα Labials: π, β, or φ + σ = ψ ἔ βλεψα Dentals: τ, δ, or θ + σ = σ ἔ πεισα (from πείθω) (I persuaded) Lemoners ( λ, μ, ν, or ρ) + σ = ___ Sigma dropped and vowel lengthened: ἔ μεινα

First Aorist Verbs List: ἀ κούω -- ἤ κουσα (I heard) ἀ ποστέλλω -- ἀ πέστειλα (I sent) βλέπω -- ἔ βλεψα (I saw) γράφω -- ἔ γραψα (I wrote) διδάσκω -- ἐ δίδαξα (I taught) πιστεύω -- ἐ πίστευσα (I believed) θέλω -- ἠ θέηλσα (I wished)

First Aorist Verbs List (cont.) μένω -- ἔ μεινα (I remained) κρίνω -- ἔ κρινα (I judged) σ ῴ ζω -- ἔ σωσα (I saved)

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἄ λλος, -η, -ο other

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἄ ρτος, -ου, ὁ bread

Chapter 15 Vocabulary δε ῖ it is necessary

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἐ ξουσία, -ας, ἡ authority

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἕ τερος, -α, -ον different

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἔ τι yet, still

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ὀ φθαλμός, -ο ῦ, ὁ eye

Chapter 15 Vocabulary τέκνον, -ου, τό child

Chapter 15 Vocabulary τόπος, -ου, ὁ place

Chapter 15 Vocabulary φ ῶ ς, φωτός, τό light

Quick Vocabulary Review

Ch Vocabulary angel, messenger ἄ γγελος, -ου, ὁ verily, truly ἀ μήν man, humankind ἄ νθρωπος, -ου, ὁ I ἐ γώ God θεός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary and, also, even καί heart καρδία, -ας, ἡ I say λέγω prophet προφήτης, -ου, ὁ Christ, Messiah Χριστός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary brother ἀ δελφός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I hear, obey ἀ κούω glory, fame δόξα, -ης, ἡ I have ἔ χω world κόσμος, -ου, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary Lord, sir κύριος, -ου, ὁ word λόγος, -ου, ὁ Peter Π ἑ τρος, -ου, ὁ son υ ἱ ός, -ο ῦ, ὁ Pharisee Φαρισα ῖ ος, -ου, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary but, yet ἀ λλ ἀ apostle, sent one ἀ πόστολος, -ου, ὁ I see βλέπω for, then γάρ I know γινώσκω

Ch Vocabulary Jesus Ἰ ησο ῦ ς, -ο ῦ, ὁ I take, receive λαμβάνω I loose λύω heaven ο ὐ ρανός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I believe πιστεύω

Ch Vocabulary I love ἀ γαπάω I write γράφω but, and δέ servant, slave δο ῦ λος, -ου, ὁ I find ε ὑ ρίσκω

Ch Vocabulary temple ἱ ερόν, -ο ῦ, τό People λαός, -ο ῦ, ὁ law νόμος, -ου, ὁ house ο ἶ κος, -ου, ὁ as, about, how ὡςὡς

Ch Vocabulary love ἀ γάπη, -ης, ἡ truth ἀ λήθεια, -ας, ἡ sin ἁ μαρτία, -ας, ἡ kingdom βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ writing, Scripture γραφή, - ῆ ς, ἡ

Ch Vocabulary I raise up ἐ γείρω assembly, church ἐ κκλησία, -ας, ἡ work ἔ ργον, -ου, τό disciple μαθητής, -ο ῦ, ὁ Hour ὥ ρα, -ας, ἡ

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἀ πό (Gen.) from διά (Gen.) through διά (Acc.) on account of ε ἰ ς (Acc.) into

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ κ (Gen.) out of, from ἐ ν (Dat.) in ἐ πί (Gen.) on, over ἐ πί (Dat.) on, at, against, on the basis of

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ πί (Acc.) on, to, toward, against κατά (Gen.) down, against κατά (Acc.) according to μετά (Gen.) with

Chapter 6 Vocabulary μετά (Acc.) after, behind περί (Gen.) about, concerning περί (Acc.) around, near πρός (Acc.) to

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 good ἀ γαθός, -ή, -όν Holy ἅ γιος, -α, -ον righteous δίκαιοις, -α, -ον

Vocabulary – Ch. 7 I am ε ἰ μί Jewish, a Jew Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Great μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 dead νεκρός, -ά, -όν no, not ο ὐ, ο ὐ κ, ο ὐ χ first πρ ῶ τος, -η, -ον voice φωνή, - ῆ ς, ἡ

he/she/it α ὐ τός, -ή, -ό land, earth, region γ ῆ, - ῆ ς, ἡ I, we ἐ γώ, ἡ με ῖ ς day ἡ μέρα, -ας, ἡ that, so that ὅ τι Vocabulary Ch. 8

so, then, therefore ο ὖ ν crowd ὄ χλος, -ου, ὁ from παρά (with Gen.) beside, with παρά (with Dat.) alongside, beside παρά (with Acc.) Vocabulary Ch. 8

you / you (pl) σύ / ὑ με ῖ ς by, at the hands of ὑ πό (with Gen.) under, below ὑ πό (with Acc.) Vocabulary Ch. 8

I answer ἀ ποκρίνομαι I send ἀ ποστέλλω I throw βάλλω I become γίνομαι I come in ε ἰ σέρχομαι Vocabulary Ch. 9

I go out ἐ ξέρχομαι I come/go ἔ ρχομαι I wish θέλω thus, so ο ὕ τως I go πορεύομαι Vocabulary Ch. 9

life ζωή, - ῆ ς, ἡ death θάνατος, -ου, ὁ I judge κρίνω I remain μένω only, alone μόνος, -η, -ον Vocabulary Ch. 10

now ν ῦ ν and not, nor ο ὐ δέ Paul Πα ῦ λος I save σ ῴ ζω then τότε Vocabulary Ch. 10

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ἀ πέρχομαι I go away, leave ἐ κε ῖ νος that Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Jewish καθώς as, just as

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ὅ ς, ἥ, ὅ who, which ὅ ταν when πάλιν again ο ὗ τος, α ὗ τη, το ῦ το this

Chapter 11 Vocabulary Πέτρος, -ου, ὁ Peter ὑ πέρ for, about (gen.) above, beyond (acc.)

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ὑ πέρ for, about (gen.) above, beyond (acc.)

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ἀ ποθν ῄ σκω I die ἐ κε ῖ there ἕ ως until ἰ δού behold

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ἵ να in order that, that Ἰ ωάννης, -ου, ὁ John μέν on the one hand, indeed ὅ λος, -η, -ον whole, entire

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ὅ τε when σύν with

Chapter 13 Vocabulary ἀ νήρ, ἀ νδρός, ὁ man, husband βασιλεύς, - ἐ ως, ὁ king δύναμις, -εως, ἡ power, miracle ὄ νομα, -ματος, τό name π ᾶ ς, π ᾶ σα, π ᾶ ν each, every, all

Chapter 13 Vocabulary πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ father πιστις, πίστεως, ἡ faith, belief πνε ῦ μα, -ατος, τό spirit, wind σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ flesh, body χάρις, -ιτος, ἡ grace, kindness

Chapter 14 Vocabulary α ἷ μα, -ματος, τό blood α ἴ ρω I raise, take up διδάσκω I teach ἴ διος, -α, -ον one's own καλός, -ή, -όν good

Chapter 14 Vocabulary μέλλω I am about to, intend ὁ δός, -ο ῦ, ἡ way πολύς, πολλή, πολύ much, many σ ῶ μα, -ματος, τό body ψυχή, - ῆ ς, ἡ soul, life

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἄ λλος, -η, -ο other ἄ ρτος, -ου, ὁ bread δε ῖ it is necessary ἐ ξουσία, -ας, ἡ authority ἕ τερος, -α, -ον different

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἔ τι yet, still ὀ φθαλμός, -ο ῦ, ὁ eye τέκνον, -ου, τό child τόπος, -ου, ὁ place φ ῶ ς, φωτός, τό light