Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15.

Παρουσίαση με θέμα: "Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15."— Μεταγράφημα παρουσίασης:

1 Fall Greek 2003 Croy Lesson 15

2 Principal Parts 1 2 3 4 5 6 Present Active (Deponent)
Future Active (Deponent) Aorist Active (Deponent) Perfect Active Perfect M/P Aorist Passive Present Active & M/P/D Imperfect Active & M/P/D Future Active and M/D Aorist Active and M/D Perfect and Pluperfect Active Perfect and Pluperfect M/P & Future Passive σῴζω γίνομαι σώσω γενήσομαι ἔσωσα ἐγενόμην σέσωκα γέγονα σέσωσμαι γεγένημαι ἐσώθην ἐγενήθην

3 Greek Perfect Tense The Greek Perfect denotes an action completed in the past, but the focus is on its result or continued status into the present. What did you do yesterday? I was studying Greek. (IMPERFECT) Why do you look so tired? I have been studying Greek. << PERFECT

4 Greek Perfect Tense Mark 16.6
NRSV: “You are looking for Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He has been raised; he is not here…. NIV: You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here. NAS: you are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who has been crucified. He has risen; He is not here…” GREEK: Ἰησοῦν ζητεῖτε τὸν Ναζαρηνὸν τὸν ἐσταυρωμένον· ἠγέρθη, οὐκ ἔστιν ὧδε·

5 Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending
PRES ACT STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σ o/ε PrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σ o/ε PrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASS ἐ STEM θη -- SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct

6 Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending
Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σ o/ε PrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σ o/ε PrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASS ἐ STEM θη -- SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT -- X STEM κα / α -- PrimAct

7 Greek Verbs PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λυ λύ Start with the stem
Singular Plural 1st λυ λύ 2nd 3rd Start with the stem

8 Greek Verbs PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λέλυ λελύ
Singular Plural 1st λέλυ λελύ 2nd 3rd Reduplicate the first letter

9 Greek Verbs PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λέλυκα λελύκα
Singular Plural 1st λέλυκα λελύκα 2nd 3rd Add the κα tense code

10 Greek Verbs PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λέλυκα λελύκαμεν λέλυκας
Singular Plural 1st λέλυκα λελύκαμεν 2nd λέλυκας λελύκατε 3rd λέλυκε(ν) λελύκασι(ν) or –καν Add the Primary Active Endings

11 Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending
Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σ o/ε PrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σ o/ε PrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASS ἐ STEM θη -- SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT -- X STEM κα / α -- PrimAct PERF MPD -- X STEM PrimMP

12 Greek Verbs PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE λυ λύ
Singular Plural 1st λυ λύ 2nd 3rd Start with the stem

13 Greek Verbs PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE λέλυ λελύ
Singular Plural 1st λέλυ λελύ 2nd 3rd Reduplicate the first letter

14 Greek Verbs PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE λέλυμαι λελύμεθα λέλυσαι
Singular Plural 1st λέλυμαι λελύμεθα 2nd λέλυσαι λέλυσθε 3rd λέλυται λέλυνται Add the Primary Mid/Pass Endings directly to the STEM

15 Be aware of contractions with the Stem and endings
Greek Verbs PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Singular Plural 1st πεπεισμαι πεπεισμεθα 2nd 3rd γεγραπται Be aware of contractions with the Stem and endings

16 Greek Pluperfect Tense
The Greek Pluperfect denotes an action completed prior to some point in the past, with the focus on its result or continued status up to that point. (It’s like a ‘past’ tense of the Perfect.) I had studied Greek when I was a child.

17 Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending
Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σ o/ε PrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σ o/ε PrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASS ἐ STEM θη -- SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT -- X STEM κα / α -- PrimAct PERF MPD -- X STEM PrimMP PLPF ACT (ἐ) X STEM κει / ει -- SecAct

18 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λυ λύ Start with the stem
Singular Plural 1st λυ λύ 2nd 3rd Start with the stem

19 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE λέλυ λελύ
Singular Plural 1st λέλυ λελύ 2nd 3rd Reduplicate the first letter

20 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE ἐλέλυ ἐλελύ
Singular Plural 1st ἐλέλυ ἐλελύ 2nd 3rd Add the ἐ augment (usually)

21 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE ἐλέλυκει ἐλελύκει
Singular Plural 1st ἐλέλυκει ἐλελύκει 2nd 3rd Add the κει tense code

22 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE ἐλέλυκειν ἐλελύκειμεν
Singular Plural 1st ἐλέλυκειν ἐλελύκειμεν 2nd ἐλέλυκεις ἐλελύκειτε 3rd ἐλέλυκει ἐλελύκεισαν Add the Secondary Active endings

23 Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending
Greek Verb Formation Αug Redp STEM Tense Theme Ending PRES ACT STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES M/P/D -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct ΙΜPF M/P ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecMP FUT ACT -- STEM σ o/ε PrimAct FUT M/D -- STEM σ o/ε PrimMP 1AOR ACT ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecAct 1AOR M/D ἐ STEM σα/α -- SecMP 1ΑΟR PASS ἐ STEM θη -- SecAct 2ΑΟR ACT ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecAct 2AOR M/D ἐ *STEM -- o/ε SecMP 2ΑΟR PASS ἐ *STEM η -- SecAct PERF ACT -- X STEM κα / α -- PrimAct PERF MPD -- X STEM PrimMP PLPF ACT (ἐ) X STEM κει / ει -- SecAct PLPF M/P (ἐ) X STEM SecMP

24 ONLY OCCURS 7 TIMES IN THE NT
Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE Singular Plural 1st λυ λύ 2nd 3rd ONLY OCCURS 7 TIMES IN THE NT Start with the stem

25 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE λέλυ λελύ
Singular Plural 1st λέλυ λελύ 2nd 3rd Reduplicate the first letter

26 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE ἐλέλυ ἐλελύ
Singular Plural 1st ἐλέλυ ἐλελύ 2nd 3rd Add the ἐ augment (usually)

27 Greek Verbs PLUPERFECT ΜIDDLE/PASSIVE INDICATIVE ἐλέλυμην ἐλελύμεθα
Singular Plural 1st ἐλέλυμην ἐλελύμεθα 2nd ἐλέλυσο ἐλελύσθε 3rd ἐλέλυτο ἐλελύντο Add the Secondary Middle/Passive endings directly to the STEM

28 INFINITIVES Active Mid/Pass/Dep Present ειν σθαι (M/P/D) 1Aorist σαι
σθαι (M/D) 2Aorist AoristPassive (θη / η) ναι Perfect (κε) ναι

29 PERFECT ACTIVE INFINITIVE λελυκέναι – to have loosened
PRESENT INFINITIVE λύειν - λύεσθαι – to be loosening / to keep on being loosened 1st AORIST INFINITIVE λῦσαι – λύσασθαι – to loosen / to be loosened 2nd AORIST INFINITIVE λαβεῖν – λαβέσθαι – to take / to be taken AORIST PASSIVE INFINITIVE λυθῆναι – to be loosened βληθῆναι – to be thrown PERFECT ACTIVE INFINITIVE λελυκέναι – to have loosened PERFECT MIDDLE/PASSIVE/DEPONENT INFINITIVE λελύσθαι – to have been loosened (passive)

30 PERFECT REDUPLICATION
When verb begins with: Most consonants > simple reduplication πεπιστευκα λελυκα Vowel / diphthong > lengthen the vowel / diphthong ἀγαπαω> ἠγαπηκα Aspirated consonant (φ θ χ) > reduplicated with corresponding unaspirated consonant θεραπευω > τεθεραπευκα φιλεω > πεφιληκα Double consonant (ψ ζ ξ) or two consonants > reduplicate with ἐ (yes, it looks just like an augment) ζητεω > ἐζητηκα σταυροω > ἐσταυρωμαι Irregulars: See section 105, page 86f.

31 ANALYSIS ἤγγικεν ἐγνώκειτε σέσωκέν προείρηκα ἐξεληλύθει γεγονέναι
(for Inf, no Pers/#) PERS 1 2 3 # S P TENSE Pres, Impf, Aor, Fut MOOD Ind Inf VOICE Act Mid Dep Pass TRANS ἤγγικεν ἐγνώκειτε σέσωκέν προείρηκα ἐξεληλύθει γεγονέναι

32 TENSE Pres, Impf, Aor, Fut, Pf, Plpf
ANALYSIS (for Inf, no Pers/#) PERS 1 2 3 # S P TENSE Pres, Impf, Aor, Fut, Pf, Plpf MOOD Ind Inf VOICE Act M D P TRANS ἤγγικεν 3 S Pf IND Act it has drawn near ἐγνώκειτε 2 P Plpf you had known σέσωκέν s/he has saved προείρηκα 1 I have spoken before ἐξεληλύθει s/he had gone out γεγονέναι INF to have become

33 Lesson 15 Vocabulary

34 Croy 15 - Exercises Do sentences 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 12 of Practice and Review Do NT #4 and 5