6 th Lesson By Christos N. Hadjichristidis

Today’s Attractions  Revision of numbers:  Revise ordering a drink and a snack  The active present tense of some of the most commonly used verbs: –I have –I want  Ordering ouzo accompanied by the proper selection of appetizers  Asking what facilities are available and how to find them  Understanding basic directions and/or asking for help to understand  Watch a short movie about Greece

Revision of Greek numbers: μηδέν meeTHen 1ένα ena 7επτά/εφτά epta /efta 2δύο dheeo 8οκτώ/οχτώ okto/ ohto 3τρία treea 9εννέα/εννία ennea/ ennia 4τέσσεραtessera10δέκαTHeka 5πέντε pende 11ένδεκαenTHeka 6έξι exee 12δώδεκα THoTHeka

‘Dice-cards’ Activity  The objective of this activity is to revise the pronunciation of Greek numbers: 0 – 12 –You’ll be given a set of cards or dice and you have to try to pronounce each card’s number or the numbers of the two dice thrown and the sum –Making bets is not recommended, however should you wish to bet remember that there will be a tiny 25% fee for the house (for educational purposes of course)! –Perhaps we should repeat the ‘International song competition Activity’ since it brought such good luck to Greece – well we’ll listen to the song instead!

13 Δεκατρία (THekatria) 30 Τριάντα (trianda) 14 Δεκατέσσερα (Thekatesera) 33 Τριάντα τρία (trianda tria) 15 Δεκαπέντε (Thekapende) 40 Σαράντα (Saranda) 16 Δεκαέξι (THekaexi) 44 Σαράντα τέσσερα (saranda tesera) 17 Δεκαεπτά/δεκαεφτά (Thekaepta,THekaefta) 50 Πενήντα (peninda) 18 Δεκαοκτώ/δεκαοχτώ (Thekaokto, THekaohto) 60 Εξήντα (Exinda) 19 Δεκαεννιά (THekaenia) 70 Εβδομήντα (evTHominda) 20 Είκοσι(ikosi) 80 Ογδόντα (ogTHonda) 21 Είκοσι ένα (ikosi ena) 90 Ενενήντα (eneninda) 22 Είκοσι δύο (ikosi THio) 100 Εκατό(ν) (ekato(n))

A very useful verb (I have) First-conjugation verbs are those that, in their active present tense, have the stress on the last syllable of the stem (i.e.: γράφω “I write”, διαβάζω “I read”) Sg.1 έχω I have 2 έχεις you 3 έχει (s)he/it Pl.1 έχουμε we 2 έχετε you 3 έχουν they

Giving out your telephone number!  The objective of this activity is working out how to say your home/mobile telephone numbers in two digit numbers as is the practice in Greece.  Έχετε (κινητό) τηλέφωνο; (ehete {kinito} tilephono) –Have you got a (mobile) phone?  Τι νούμερο είναι; (ti numero ine?) –What’s your number? (literally: what’s its number?)  If you prefer not to make your home (mobile) telephone number known, make one up.

Lottery Activity Select six lottery numbers between 1 and 49 and tell the person next to you which numbers you have chosen. Your partner notes them down in figures. You then change roles. Finally the two lists are compared and any discrepancies sorted. When ready pass the numbers to me – guess two of my lucky numbers correctly and win two ‘Colloquial Greek’ cds (Do not forget to write down your name!) Select six lottery numbers between 1 and 49 and tell the person next to you which numbers you have chosen. Your partner notes them down in figures. You then change roles. Finally the two lists are compared and any discrepancies sorted. When ready pass the numbers to me – guess two of my lucky numbers correctly and win two ‘Colloquial Greek’ cds (Do not forget to write down your name!)

Where are you from?  Από πού είσαστε/είστε; (apo pu isaste/iste?) –Where are you from? (plural, polite plural)  Από πού είσαι; (apo pu ise?) –Where are you from? (singular, informal)  Or if you want to be more specific –Ποια είναι η ιδιαίτερη πατρίδα σας; (pia ine i iTHieteri patriTHa sas?) –Which is your (particular) homeland? Or –Which is your (particular) place of origin?  ‘Particular’ in Greek has dual meaning: (special, private)

I am from …  Είμαι από Object (Accusative case) τον Πόρο το Λαγκαδά την Αθήνα τη Τζια το Πήλιο το Ναύπλιο

... or (Athens) is my (particular) homeland είναι η ιδιαίτερη πατρίδα μου είναι η ιδιαίτερη πατρίδα μου Subject (Nominative case) ο Πόρος o Λαγκαδάς η Αθήνα η Τζια το Πήλιο το Ναύπλιο

Some useful observations  In Greek a noun (i.e.: the word Canadian in the phrase I am Canadian) has to be written differently when it denotes different gender: –Είμαι Καναδός – I am Canadian (man) – Είμαι Καναδέζα – I am Canadian (woman) –That means that Greek nouns are inflected for gender  In Greek a noun has to be written also differently when is being used as an object than as a subject: –Είμαι από τον Καναδά – I am from Canada –Ο Καναδάς είναι η πατρίδα μου – Canada is my homeland –That means that Greek nouns are inflected for case also  In Greek a noun is almost always preceded by an article (the). The noun and the preceding article have to agree in gender, case and number.

Some forms of the definite article Singular MFN Nominativeοητο Accusativeτο(ν)*τη(ν)*το * Has a ν ending when the word immediately following begins with a vowel or with any of the following consonants/consonant combinations: κ, π, τ,γκ, μπ, ντ, ξ, ψ

How on Earth we can guess the gender of a given Greek noun? Some tips:  All masculine nouns (nominative/singular) ends in “ς”  Almost all feminine nouns end in either “α or η”  Most neuter nouns end in “ο, ι, or μα”  Of course, there are exceptions, and there are those words ending in “ος”, which can be any gender.

Ordering in a cafeteria  Τι θα πάρετε/πάρεις παρακαλώ; (ti tha parete/paris parakalo) –What will you have (take)?  Τι θα θέλατε παρακαλώ (ti tha thelate parakalo) –What would you like?  Έχετε εξυπηρετηθεί? (ehete exipiretithi) –Have you been served/helped?  Or if it happens to deal with a not very talkative waiter:  Παρακαλώ; Yes?  Or even Ορίστε; Yes?

Some of the most commonly used Greek verbs Sg.1 θέλω I want 2 θέλεις you want 3 θέλει (s)he/it is wants Pl.1 θέλουμε we want 2 θέλετε you want 3 θέλουν they want

ΘΘΘΘα ήθελα ένα ΘΘΘΘα ήθελα ένα(ν) καφέ I would like a coffee

ΘΘΘΘα ήθελα μία σαλάτα I would like a salad ΘΘΘΘα ήθελα ένα παγωτό I would like an ice-cream

Essential vocabulary for the ‘Cafeteria Activity ’ λεμονάδα Make a wild guess! Ουίσκι ΠορτοκαλάδαOrangeadeΜεταξά Χυμός πορτοκάλι Fresh orange juice Ελληνικός καφές Greek coffee ΣόδαΠαγωτό Ice cream Κόκα κόλα Make a wild guess! ΣοκολάταΖεστή Hot chocolate Μπύραbeer Γιαούρτι με μέλι Yogurt with honey

The Greek coffee  The Greek coffee is traditionally served in small cups with the sugar already added before the coffee is served. So you are mainly left with the following choices: βαρύς γλυκός very sweet very sweet γλυκόςsweet μέτριος medium sweet σκέτος no sugar added

Ouzo Ouzo  As you may know, ouzo is a bit strong and thus it usually comes with a plate of assorted appetizers (ποικιλία)  You can have a cup of coffee or a glass of ouzo (or two) in a καφενείο (coffee-shop), Ζαχαροπλαστείο (confectionery), ουζερί You will find a καφενείο in every neighbourhood in larger cities and always in the centre (κέντρο) or square (πλατεία) of smaller towns or on the sea front (παραλία) in fishing villages ΣκέτοStraight! Με πάγο On the rocks Με νερό With water

Ordering Activity  One person starts by saying ‘I’ll have’ and adding an item of his choice as if s/he were ordering something in a café, e.g.  Θα πάρω έναν καφέ  The person on his/her left continues by repeating the original order and adding an item of his/her own choice, e.g.  Θα πάρω έναν καφέ και μία πορτοκαλάδα  The activity continues clockwise around the group, each learner adding another item to the order for as long as the learners are able to sustain the orders.

Accepting or Refusing a Drink A: Θα πάρετε/πάρεις ένα ουζό –Will you have an ouzo? B: Ναι ευχαριστώ –Yes thanks B: Όχι ευχαριστώ, θα πάρω μια μπύρα –No thanks, I’ll have a beer  A: Αμέσως! –Straight away! … after half an hour ….  A: Ορίστε! (το ούζο/η μπύρα) σας –Here you go! your (ouzo/beer)  Α&Β: Στην υγειά σας/σου  Cheers! To your health! (formal/informal)

Asking what facilities are available  Συγγνώμη, υπάρχει τράπεζα/φαρμακείο εδώ κοντά; (Signomi, iparhi trapeza/farmakio edo konta?) –Excuse me, is there a bank/chemist’s near here?  … and the possible answers:  Ναι υπάρχει, είναι εδώ/εκεί (Ne iparhi ine eTHo/eki) –Yes there’s, it’s here/there  Όχι δεν υπάρχει (τράπεζα/φαρμακείο) εδώ κοντά (Ohi Then iparhi {trapeza/farmakio} eTHo konta) –No, there isn’t a (bank/chemist’s) nearby  Συγχωρήστε με, δεν ξέρω (sinhoriste me Then xero) –Pardon me, I don’t know

… Where is?  Που είναι ο φούρνος, ο σταθμός (the baker’s, the station) η πλατεία, η εκκλησία (the square, the church) το περίπτερο, το μουσείο (the kiosk, make a wild guess!)

… and how to find them 2 nd person (singular / informal) 2 nd person (plural / formal) έλαελάτεcome πήγαινεπηγαίνετεgo στρίψεστρίψτεturn ανέβαανεβείτε go up κατέβακατεβείτε go down συνέχισεσυνεχίστε continue, carry on δείξεδείξετεshow μείνεμείνετεstay

Directions Ευθεία Straight on Ίσια Straight ahead ΔεξιάRight ΑριστεράLeft πάνωover κάτωbelow

Essential vocabulary for the ‘Directions Activity’ BankΤράπεζα Travel agent’s Ταξιδιωτικό πρακτορείο Post office ΤαχυδρομείοCinema Κινηματογράφος /Σινεμά TavernΤαβέρναHospitalΝοσοκομείο Baker’sΦούρνοςHotelΞενοδοχείο Bus station ΣταθμόςΛεωφορείουMuseumΜουσείο Chemist’sΦαρμακείοButcher’sΚρεοπωλείο

Essential vocabulary for the ‘Directions Activity ’ Tobacconist’s Καπνοπωλείο/ περίπτερο bar Μπαρ (άκι) Bicycle hire shop Κατάστημα ενοικιάσεως ποδηλάτων Train station ΣιδηροδρομικόςΣταθμός Church ΕκκλησίαJewelleryshopΚοσμηματοπωλείο Café ΚαφενείοtheatreΘέατρο SchoolΣχολείο Tourist office Ταξιδιωτικό γραφείο Souvenir shop Κατάστημα αναμνηστικών ειδών supermarket Σούπερ μάρκετ (Υπεραγορά not commonly used)

‘Directions Activity’  the aim of the 1 st activity is to establish which of the places on the list feature on the map.  After checking which places you have on your map, circulate asking each other the question : –Συγνώμη, υπάρχει (τράπεζα) εδώ; (Sorry, is there a bank here?)  using all the other places from your list and answering according to your map: –Ναι υπάρχει / Συγνώμη, δεν ξέρω –(Yes, there is / I am sorry, I do not know)

‘Directions Activity’  the objectives of the 2nd activity are to practice of: – ‘Where is?’ – the singular definite article –reading and pronunciation  A: Συγνώμη, που είναι (η τράπεζα); (Sorry, where is the bank?)  B: Είναι στηv οδό (Κρήτης) (It’s on [Κρήτης] street)

How much …?  Πόσο κάνει αυτό; (poso kani afto?) –How much is it?  Κάνει 6 ευρώ (kani exi evro) –It’s 6 euros  Πόσο κάνουνε αυτά (poso kanune afta?) –How much are they?  Κάνουνε 8 ευρώ και 50 λεπτά (kanune ochto evro ke peninda lepta) –They are 8 euros and 50.

Some forms of the definite article SingularPlural MFNMFN Nominativeοητοοιοιτα

Essential vocabulary for the ‘Price Activity ’ βούτυροbutterκρέαςmeat ελιέςolivesσταφύλιαgrapes ψωμίbreadντομάτεςtomatoes λεμόνιαlemonsγιαούρτιyoghurt φέτα Make a wild guess! μήλοapple κρασίwineπορτοκάλιorange

Essential vocabulary for the ‘Price Activity ’ Εφημερίδαnewspaper τηλε-κάρτα Make a wild guess! τσιγάρα Αντιηλιακή κρέμα Sun-tan lotion Ασπιρίνες Make a wild guess! φιλμ Γραμματόσημαstampsαναψυκτικάrefreshments περιοδικάmagazinesκαπέλοhat βιβλία A bit hard to guess μπισκόταbiscuits

Shopping Activity’