Nouns
8 Case System Four distinct forms Eight ideas Ablative (“from”) Locative (“in”) Instrumental (“by”)
Vocative: Direct Address John 20:13 “They said to her, ‘Woman (γύναι), why are you weeping?’ She said to them, ‘They have taken away my Master, and I do not know where they have put him.’”
Vocative: Emphatic Address Matt 17:17 “O (ὦ) unbelieving and perverse generation (γενεὰ), how long am I to be with you? How long must I put up with you? Bring him here to me.”
Nominative for Vocative John 17:25 “Righteous Father (πατήρ / πάτερ), although the world does not know you, I know you, and these men know that you sent me.”
Accusative: Adverbial Matt 10:8 “Freely (δωρεάν) you received, freely (δωρεάν) give.”
Accusative: Adverbial (Time) Luke 2:37 “She did not leave the temple, worshipping night and day (νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν) with fasting and prayer.”
Accusative: No Direct Object 1 Peter 1:8 “Though you have not seen him, you love (ἀγαπᾶτε) him. Though not seeing him now, yet believing (πιστεύοντε) in him, you rejoice with joy unspeakable and filled with glory.”
Dative: Direct Object Mark 4:41 “Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him (αὐτῷ)?”
Locative of Time Acts 12:6 “When Herod was about to bring him out, on that very night (τῇ νυκτὶ ἐκείνῃ), Peter was asleep between two soldiers, bound with two chains.”
Instrumental: Association Eph 2:5 God “made us alive together with Christ (τῷ Χριστῷ).”
Instrumental of Cause 1 Peter 4:12 “Dear friends, do not be surprised that a trial by fire (τῇ ... πυρώσει) is taking place among you, as though something strange were happening to you.”
Instrumental of Manner Rev 5:12 The angels were “saying with a loud voice (φωνῇ μεγάλῃ), ‘Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and praise!’”
Partitive Genitive Luke 16:24 “Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger (τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ) in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.”
Hebraic Genitive Rom 8:21 ESV: “Creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory (δόξης) of the children of God.” NLT: “Creation looks forward to the day when it will join God’s children in glorious freedom from death and decay.”
Genitive of Comparison Mark 1:7 “The one who is more powerful (ἰσχυρότερος) than I (μου) is coming after me.”
Genitive of Time 1 Thess 2:9 “We worked night and day (νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας) so as not to become a burden to any of you.”
Genitive of Direct Object Acts 9:7 “The men who were traveling with him stood speechless, hearing the voice (ἀκούοντες ... τῆς φωνῆς) but seeing no one.”
Subjective Genitive Rom 3:23 ESV. “For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.” NLT. “For all have sinned; all fall short of God’s glorious standard.”
Objective genitive Luke 11:42 “Woe to you Pharisees, because you give God a tenth of your mint, rue and all other kinds of garden herbs, but you neglect justice and the love of God (θεοῦ).” HCSB: “You give a tenth of mint, rue, and every kind of herb, and you bypass justice and love for God.”
Partial Inflection nom sg Λευίς gen sg Λευί dat sg Λευί acc sg Λευίν
Uninflected ἀββά Ναζαρέθ ῥαββουνί