C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 30.

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C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 30

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 1.The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective 2.Correlative pronouns/adjectives 3.Correlative adverbs 4.Conditional relative and temporal clauses

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 1.The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective 2.Correlative pronouns/adjectives 3.Correlative adverbs 4.Conditional relative and temporal clauses

Shelmerdine Chapter The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective ὅστις is simply the relative pronoun ὅς ἥ ὅ followed by the indefinite pronoun τις τι, written together as one word. As the combination implies, it means “anyone who/anything which” or “whoever/whatever.”

Shelmerdine Chapter The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective MascFem Neuter ὅστις οἵτινες ἥστις αἵτινες ὅ τι ἅτινα οὗτινος ὧντινων ἧστινος ὧντινων οὗτινος ὧντινων ᾧτινι οἷστισι(ν) ᾗτινι αἷστισι(ν) ᾧτινι οἷστισι(ν) ὅντινα οὕστιναςἥντινα ἅστινας ὅ τί ἅτινα

Shelmerdine Chapter The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective ὅστις has two common functions. (1) generalizing relative pronoun/adjective –στρατηγὸς εὐδαίμων ὅστις νικᾷ. Any general who wins is happy. –ἔστιν ὅστις οὔποτε ἁμαρτάνει; Is there anyone who never makes a mistake?

Shelmerdine Chapter The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective ὅστις has two common functions. (2) interrogative in indirect questions –τίς νικᾷ; Who is winning? –ἐρωτῶ ὅστις νικᾷ. I ask who is winning.

Shelmerdine Chapter The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective The neuter accusative singular of ὅστις written ὅ τι means “anything which.” This form is used often and, by means of the accusative of respect (“somehow with respect to which”), comes to mean “because,” “that,” etc. In this meaning, it is conventionally written as one word, ὅτι.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 1.The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective 2.Correlative pronouns/adjectives 3.Correlative adverbs 4.Conditional relative and temporal clauses

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 InterrogativeIndefinite (enclitic) DemonstrativeRelativeIndef Rel /Indir Interrog τίς who? τις someone οὗτος this ὅς who ὅστις whoever πόσος how much? ποσός some amount τοσοῦτος this much ὅσος as much as ὁπόσος however much ποῖος what kind? ποιός some kind τοιοῦτος this kind οἷος the kind which ὁποῖος whatever kind

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 1.The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective 2.Correlative pronouns/adjectives 3.Correlative adverbs 4.Conditional relative and temporal clauses

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 InterrogativeIndefinite (enclitic) DemonstrativeRelativeIndef Rel (Indir Interrog) ποῦ where? που somewhere ἐνταῦθα here, there οὗ where ὅπου where(ever) πόθεν from where? ποθέν somewhere ἐντεῦθεν from there ὅθεν from where ὁπόθεν from where(ever) ποῖ to where? ποι to somewhere ἐνταῦθα to here, to there οἷ to where ὅποι to where(ever) πότε when? ποτέ ever τότε then ὅτε when ὁπότε when(ever) πῶς how? πως somehow οὕτως this way, thus ὡς as, how ὅπως how(ever)

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 1.The indefinite relative pronoun/adjective 2.Correlative pronouns/adjectives 3.Correlative adverbs 4.Conditional relative and temporal clauses

Shelmerdine Chapter Conditional relative and temporal clauses An indefinite relative pronoun or adverb can set up a general clause equivalent to a protasis with a subjunctive (accompanied by ἄν ). –ἐὰν δῶρα πέμπωσιν, τὴν εἰρήνην διώκομεν. “In general, if they send gifts, we pursue peace.” –ὁπόταν δῶρα πέμπωσιν, τὴν εἰρήνην διώκομεν. “Whenever they send gifts, we pursue peace.” ὁπόταν = ὁπότε + ἄν

Shelmerdine Chapter Conditional relative and temporal clauses With secondary tenses, an indefinite relative pronoun or adverb can set up a general clause equivalent to a protasis with an optative. –εἰ δῶρα πέμψειαν, τὴν εἰρήνην ἐδιώκομεν. “In general, if they sent gifts, we pursued peace.” –ὁπότε δῶρα πέμψειαν, τὴν εἰρήνην ἐδιώκομεν. “Whenever they sent gifts, we pursued peace.” –οἵτινες δῶρα πέμψειαν τὴν εἰρήνην ἐδέχοντο. “Whoever sent gifts received peace.”

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 for next class (Monday, April 11, 2011): Quiz: Vocabulary Chapter 30 –from section 3 omit: πόθεν/ποθέν, ποῖ/ποι, οἷ, ὁπόθεν, ὅποι Prepare Biblical Reading 30

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 τούτων δὲ παρόντων, βλέψας πρὸς τὸν Κῦρον ὁ Ἀστυάγης ἔφη· Σὺ δὴ ὢν παῖς τοιούτου ἀνδρὸς ἐτόλμησας τὸν τοῦδε παῖδα ὄντος πρώτου παρ' ἐμοὶ ὧδε ὑβρίζειν; ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίνατο· Ὦ δέσποτα, ἐγὼ ταῦτα δικαίως ἐποίησα. οἱ γὰρ ἐκ τῆς κώμης παῖδες, ὧν καὶ ὅδε ἦν, παίζοντες ἐμὲ ἑαυτῶν ἐστήσαντο ἑαυτῶν βασιλέα.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 τούτων δὲ παρόντων, βλέψας πρὸς τὸν Κῦρον ὁ Ἀστυάγης ἔφη· Σὺ δὴ ὢν παῖς τοιούτου ἀνδρὸς ἐτόλμησας τὸν τοῦδε παῖδα ὄντος πρώτου παρ' ἐμοὶ ὧδε ὑβρίζειν; ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίνατο· Ὦ δέσποτα, ἐγὼ ταῦτα δικαίως ἐποίησα. οἱ γὰρ ἐκ τῆς κώμης παῖδες, ὧν καὶ ὅδε ἦν, παίζοντες ἐμὲ ἑαυτῶν ἐστήσαντο ἑαυτῶν βασιλέα.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 ἐδόκουν γὰρ αὐτοῖς εἶναι ἐπιτηδειότατος. οἱ μὲν οὖν ἄλλοι παῖδες ἃ ἐκέλευσα ἔπραξαν, οὗτος δὲ οὐκ ἐπείθετο, ἐκολάσθη οὖν. εἰ οὖν δὴ τούτου ἕνεκα ἄξιος κακοῦ τινός εἰμι, ὅδε πάρειμι. ταῦτα λέγοντος τοῦ παιδός, ὁ Ἀστυάγης ἐδόκει ἀναγνωρίζειν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ καὶ πολὺν χρόνον ἄφθογγος ἦν.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 ἐδόκουν γὰρ αὐτοῖς εἶναι ἐπιτηδειότατος. οἱ μὲν οὖν ἄλλοι παῖδες ἃ ἐκέλευσα ἔπραξαν, οὗτος δὲ οὐκ ἐπείθετο, ἐκολάσθη οὖν. εἰ οὖν δὴ τούτου ἕνεκα ἄξιος κακοῦ τινός εἰμι, ὅδε πάρειμι. ταῦτα λέγοντος τοῦ παιδός, ὁ Ἀστυάγης ἐδόκει ἀναγνωρίζειν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ καὶ πολὺν χρόνον ἄφθογγος ἦν.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 τοῦ δὲ Ἀρτεμβάρους ἀποπεμφθέντος, ἐκέλευσε τοὺς θεράποντας ἔσω ἄγειν τὸν Κῦρον. ἐπεὶ δὲ παρῆν ὁ βουκόλος μόνος, ὁ Ἀστυάγης τάδε ἠρώτησεν· Πόθεν ἔλαβες τὸν παῖδα καὶ τίς σοι ἔδωκεν αὐτόν; ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίνατο ὅτι ἐστὶν ὁ ἐαυτοῦ παῖς. ὁ δὲ Ἀστυάγης ἐσήμαινε τοῖς δορυφόφοις συλλαμβάνειν καὶ τύπτειν αὐτόν. ὁ δὲ μεγίστῃ ἀπορίᾳ ὤν, πάντα ἐξηγεῖτο καὶ ᾔτησε τὸν βασιλέα ἑαυτῷ συγγιγνώσκειν.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 τοῦ δὲ Ἀρτεμβάρους ἀποπεμφθέντος, ἐκέλευσε τοὺς θεράποντας ἔσω ἄγειν τὸν Κῦρον. ἐπεὶ δὲ παρῆν ὁ βουκόλος μόνος, ὁ Ἀστυάγης τάδε ἠρώτησεν· Πόθεν ἔλαβες τὸν παῖδα καὶ τίς σοι ἔδωκεν αὐτόν; ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίνατο ὅτι ἐστὶν ὁ ἐαυτοῦ παῖς. ὁ δὲ Ἀστυάγης ἐσήμαινε τοῖς δορυφόφοις συλλαμβάνειν καὶ τύπτειν αὐτόν. ὁ δὲ μεγίστῃ ἀπορίᾳ ὤν, πάντα ἐξηγεῖτο καὶ ᾔτησε τὸν βασιλέα ἑαυτῷ συγγιγνώσκειν.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 5 καὶ λαλήσουσιν οἱ γραμματεῖς πρὸς τὸν λαὸν λέγοντες Τίς ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ οἰκοδομήσας οἰκίαν καινὴν καὶ οὐκ ἐνεκαίνισεν αὐτήν; πορευέσθω καὶ ἀποστραφήτω εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἕτερος ἐγκαινιεῖ αὐτήν. ἀποστραφήτω < ἀποστρέφω turn away γραμματεύς –έως ὁ secretary, scribe ἐγκαινίζω renew, dedicate ἕτερος –α –ον other καινός –ή –όν new λαλέω = λέγω λαός –οῦ ὁ the people οἰκία –ας ἡ household οἰκοδομέω build a house

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 6 καὶ τίς ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὅστις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα καὶ οὐκ εὐφράνθη ἐξ αὐτοῦ; πορευέσθω καὶ ἀποστραφήτω εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἕτερος εὐφρανθήσεται ἐξ αὐτοῦ. 7 καὶ τίς ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὅστις μεμνήστευται γυναῖκα καὶ οὐκ ἔλαβεν αὐτήν; πορευέσθω καὶ ἀποστραφήτω εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἕτερος λήμψεται αὐτήν. ἀποστραφήτω < ἀποστρέφω turn away ἀμπελών –ος ὁ vineyard ἕτερος –α –ον other εὐφραίνω delight in, be happy μνηστεύω betroth οἰκία –ας ἡ household φυτεύω grow

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 8 καὶ προσθήσουσιν οἱ γραμματεῖς λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν λαὸν καὶ ἐροῦσιν Τίς ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ φοβούμενος καὶ δειλὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ; πορευέσθω καὶ ἀποστραφήτω εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μὴ δειλιάνῃ τὴν καρδίαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ ὥσπερ ἡ αὐτοῦ. ἀδελφός -οῦ ὁ brother ἀποστραφήτω < ἀποστρέφω turn away γραμματεύς –έως ὁ secretary, scribe δειλιαίνω make cowardly δειλός –η –ον cowardly ἐρέω used as future of λέγω καινός –ή –όν new καρδία –ας ἡ heart λαλέω = λέγω λαός –οῦ ὁ the people οἰκία –ας ἡ household προστίθημι here ”go further to” φοβέω frighten

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 Exam 4 (Tuesday, April 12, 2011): For ἵστημι (principal parts given), write out all forms of the 1 st /2 nd /3 rd person, sing/pl, present/imperfect/aorist indicative/infinitive active (see pages 154 and 156). Since ἵστημι has both a weak and a strong aorist, blanks will be provided to write both.

Shelmerdine Chapter 30 Exam 4 (Tuesday, April 12, 2011): Given a noun, write out the full declension of the noun with its definite article and the aorist passive participle of ἵστημι ( σταθείς ; see page 148 for the pattern). The translation will indicate whether to place it in the attributive or predicate position. Translate a brief passage into clear, idiomatic English. Parse selected words from this passage.