Pronunciation
Pronunciation (Words) Easy (diphthongs, breathing, accents) Syllabification natural for English Rules
Diphthongs Two vowels that make one sound Second vowel always ι or υ
αι ει οι αυ ου υι ευ, ηυ aisle αἴρω eight εἰ oil οἰκία sauerkraut αὐτός ου soup οὐδεν υι suite υἱός ευ, ηυ feud εὐθύς, ηὔξανεν
Improper Diphthongs ᾳ, ῃ, and ῳ - iota subscripts Not pronounced Not transliterated Important in identifying certain forms
Breathing Marks Initial vowel/rho Smooth: ἀπόστολος Rough: ὑπέρ, ῥύομαι (transliterated as h) Before capital single vowels: Ἰησοῦς 2 vowel of initial diphthong: αἰτέω
Syllabification One vowel/diphthong per syllable Single consonant goes with following vowel
Syllabification ὁ Ἰ-η-σοῦς με ἀ-γα-πᾳ, ὅ-τι γρα-φὴ κη-ρύσ-σει· παι-δί-α εἰ-σιν αὐ-τῷ, ἀ-σθέ - νου-σι δύ-να-ται.
Syllabification ναί, Ἰ-η-σοῦς ἀ-γα-πᾷ, ναί, ᾿Ι-η-σοῦς ἀ-γα-πᾷ, ἡ γρα-φὴ κη-ρύσ-σει.
Syllabification ὁ Ἰησοῦς με ἀγαπᾳ, ὅτι γραφὴ κηρύσσει· παιδία εἰσιν αὐτῷ, ἀσθένουσι δύναται.
Syllabification ναί, Ἰησοῦς ἀγαπᾷ, ναί, ᾿Ιησοῦς ἀγαπᾷ, ἡ γραφὴ κηρύσσει.
Accents Accent on vowel of stressed syllable Acute: αἰτέω Grave: θεὸς Circumflex: Ἰησοῦς
Punctuation θεός, θεός. θεός· θεός;
ἰχθύς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός θεοῦ υἱός σωτήρ
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ἀ κη κό α μεν Syllabification There is one vowel (or diphthong) per syllable. ἀ κη κό α μεν
ἐ θε α σά με θα Syllabification Two consecutive vowels that do not form a diphthong are divided. ἐ θε α σά με θα
ἑ ω ρά κα μεν Syllabification A single consonant by itself (not a cluster) goes with the following vowel. ἑ ω ρά κα μεν
ἔμ προ σθεν Syllabification A consonant cluster that can not be pronounced together is divided. ἔμ προ σθεν
Χρι στός Syllabification A consonant cluster that can be pronounced together goes with the following vowel. Χρι στός
Syllabification Double consonants are divided. παρ ρη σί α
Syllabification Compound words are divided where joined. ἀντι χριστός
Summary Diphthongs Breathing Accents Punctuation Syllabification
ἄνθρωπος
ἀμήν
Ἰησοῦς
λόγος
Χριστός
ἐγώ
σύ
ὁ
ἀλλά
γάρ
δέ
ἵνα
καί
ὅτι