Ψηφιακeς ιδEες και αξIες Θεόδωρος Σκαλτσάς

Εξωτερικα αγαθα - αριστοτελης How external are the ‘external goods’? To what are they external? To the soul? To moral action? To the moral goodness achieved through moral action? Virtue happens in the soul. Moral character that is good, and hence actions are good, not vice versa. Εξωτερικα αγαθα - αριστοτελης

Εξωτερικα αγαθα - αριστοτελης So how are goodness of character, in the soul, and moral action, in the world, related? Virtues are a certain type of disposition in the moral agent, which cause actions. Goodness of character causes its manifestation in action. The internal is manifested in the external. Then what is external about the external? This does not help us understand the sense in which the external is external. Εξωτερικα αγαθα - αριστοτελης

To understand the relation of the manifestation of goodness to the external goods, let us look at the contemporary theory of the Extended Mind. Extended mind The main criterion that Clark and Chalmers list for classifying the use of external objects during cognitive tasks is that the external objects must function with the same purpose as the internal processes. The notebook qualifies as such because it is constantly and immediately accessible to Otto, and it is automatically endorsed by him. It is arbitrary to say that the mind is contained only within the boundaries of the skull. the extended mind

What is the relation between mind, body, environment? Mind and environment are a coupled system. They are a cognitive system of their own. This coupling grounds the extension of the mind into the external world. Clark and Chalmers: "The major burden of the coupling between agents is carried by language...Indeed, it is not implausible that the explosion of intellectual development in recent evolutionary time is due as much to this linguistically-enabled extension of cognition as to any independent development in our inner cognitive resources." The extended mind

Some external goods are clearly instrumental, as e. g. wealth Some external goods are clearly instrumental, as e.g. wealth. They are causally involved in the manifestation of the good moral actions. But other external goods are more elusive, ontologically. Alva Noe. Enactive perception. Moral virtues of the soul are enactively realisable. They are realised in action. Extended Mind Criterion: the external objects must function with the same purpose as the internal processes. E criterion is satisfied in Aristotle’s ethics: the purpose of moral actions is the same as the purpose of moral dispositions in the soul – the attainment of the good. The enactive mind

Extended enactive soul The goodness of the instrumental external goods can be readily understood through the extended mind model, and in particular the enactive model of the mind, applied to the activity of a virtuous soul: the goods make possible the manifestation of the virtues namely, the virtuous activity of the soul. To what, then, are external goods external? The soul is extended to them through the manifestation of the virtues. Aristotle’s conception of the enactive soul does not support a sharp distinction between internal and external. I believe there is a causal continuum of instrumental factors, some of which are more internal and some more external to virtuous activity, depending on how replaceable they are. Bodily features are hardly replaceable, but instruments and equipment are. Extended enactive soul

Artefacts embodying extended enactive values Ο Λαοκόων και οι Γιοί του Το θέμα αυτού του συναρπαστικού γλυπτού είναι «ο σεβασμός προς τα θεία». Όλες οι διαφορετικές αρχαίες ερμηνείες τού αποδίδουν κάποιο είδος προδοσίας και αναμέτρησης με τον θείο νόμο. Στο Μουσείο, η εικόνα αυτή θα οδηγεί διαδραστικά τον επισκέπτη σε ιδέες διαφόρων αρχαίων Ελλήνων φιλοσόφων σχετικά με την σταθερότητα του ηθικού χαρακτήρα δια μέσου των αιώνων ΄ ανθρώπινες αξίες εναντίον θεϊκών αξιών΄ και την αξία του κολασμού και της τιμωρίας στα αρχαία ηθικά συστήματα. Artefacts embodying extended enactive values

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Παραδειγματα της συμβολικης και συγκινησιακης εικονογραφησης του Μουσειου, για να ελκυει, παροτρυνει και να εκθετει ιδεες

Παραδειγματα της συμβολικης και συγκινησιακης εικονογραφησης του Μουσειου, για να ελκυει, παροτρυνει και να εκθετει ιδεες

Παραδειγματα της συμβολικης και συγκινησιακης εικονογραφησης του Μουσειου, για να ελκυει, παροτρυνει και να εκθετει ιδεες

Παραδειγματα της συμβολικης και συγκινησιακης εικονογραφησης του Μουσειου, για να ελκυει, παροτρυνει και να εκθετει ιδεες