ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ ΑΝΟΙΚΤΑ ΑΚΑΔΗΜΑΪΚΑ ΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΑ Εισαγωγή στην Ιστορία και Θεωρία της Τέχνης CONNOISSEUR/εμπειρογνωμοσύνη/ειδημοσύνη - Οι 3 πρώτες περίοδοι: βιρτουόζοι/wunderkammer, Jonathan Richardson, η επόμενη γενιά. Διδάσκων : Α. Σαραφιανός

Άδειες Χρήσης Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό υπόκειται σε άδειες χρήσης Creative Commons. Για εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, όπως εικόνες, που υπόκειται σε άλλου τύπου άδειας χρήσης, η άδεια χρήσης αναφέρεται ρητώς.

CONNOISSEUR, n. Pronunciation: /kɔnesœːr/ /kɒnɪˈsjʊə(r)/ Etymology: < French connoisseur, former spelling of connaisseur < Old French conoiseor < Latin cognōscitōr-em, agent-n. < cognōscĕre : see cognosce.cognosce. †1. One who knows, one versed in a subject. Obs G. Berkeley Alciphron I. v. xxvii. 327 Commendation of Honour and Good- nature: but the former of these, by Connoisseurs, is always understood to mean nothing but Fashion. a1734 R. North Lives of Norths (1826), By his Perpetual inquisitiveness ‥ he became no ordinary connoisseur in the sciences.

2. a. spec. A person well acquainted with one of the fine arts, and competent to pass a judgement in relation thereto; a critical judge of art or of matters of taste J. Richardson (title) Two Discourses on the Art of Criticism, as it relates to Painting and the Sciences of a Connoisseur B. Mandeville Search Nature of Society in Fable Bees (ed. 2) i. 374 There are Parties among Connoisseurs, and few of them agree in their esteem W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty 3 Painters and connoisseurs are the only competent judges. a1764 R. Lloyd Cit's Country Box in Poet. Wks. (1774) I. 44 Blest age! when all men may procure, The title of a Connoisseur. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 13 Now impudent, and now demure, Now blockhead and now connoisseur B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues II. 7 In the connoisseurs of music, or in the lovers of theatricals. b. transf. A critic or judge in other matters of taste (e.g. of wines, delicacies, etc.) J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 192 The cyder made from [the crab apple] is admired by connoissuers E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. ii. ii. 134 Merton was a connoisseur in ladies' dress ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow I. iii. 46 Looked ‥ as a connoisseur does at a bottle of rare wine. Derivatives connoiˈsseur v. a1828 Blake in Gilchrist Life (1880) I. 259 Every man ‥ who has not been connoisseured out of his senses K. Giles Provenance of Death iv. 114, I didn't know you connoisseured these arts, sir. connoiˈsseuring adj. a1821 Keats Cap & Bells xvii, in R. M. Milnes Life, Lett. & Literary Remains Keats (1848) II. 234 Admired it with a connoisseuring look.

DILETTANTE, n. Pronunciation: ( /dɪlɪˈtæntɪ/, Italian /diletˈtante/ ) Forms: Pl. dilettanti /-tiː/, rarely -es. Etymology: Italian dilettante ‘a lover of music or painting’, < dilettare < Latin dēlectāre to delight: see delect v., etc. So modern French dilettante, 1878 in Dict. Acad.delect v. 1. a. A lover of the fine arts; originally, one who cultivates them for the love of them rather than professionally, and so = amateur n. as opposed to professional; but in later use generally applied more or less depreciatively to one who interests himself in an art or science merely as a pastime and without serious aim or study (‘a mere dilettante’).amateur n. 1733–4 [‘The Society of Dilettanti’ was founded] Ld. Chesterfield Let. 4 Nov. (1932) (modernized text) IV You are likely to hear of it as a virtuoso; and if so, I should be glad to profit of it, as an humble dilettante (title) Ionian Antiquities, By the Society of Dilettanti S. Foote Lame Lover i. 13 Frederick is a bit of Macaroni, and adores the soft Italian termination in a. ‥ Sir Luke. Yes, a delitanti all over F. Burney Diary 21 Nov., A female dilettante of great fame and reputation ‥ as a singer C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music III. 161 Personages whose [musical] talents are celebrated, whether they are regarded as professors or Diletanti W. Taylor in Monthly Mag Religious dilettanti, of every sex and age, reinforce the industry of the regular priesthood Edinb. Rev Dilettanti who have pushed themselves into high places in the scientific world Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) I. vii. 265 It would be difficult to find a dilettante who understood the art of managing it [a parlour organ] T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. x. 24/2 Thou hitherto art a Dilettante and sandblind Pedant T. B. Macaulay in Edinb. Rev. Jan. 351 The dilettante sneered at their want of taste. The maccaroni black-balled them as vulgar fellows J. A. Froude Cæsar ii. 17 [The Romans] cared for art as dilettanti; but no schools either of sculpture or painting were formed among themselves J. Ruskin Præterita I. viii. 271 Rogers was a mere dilettante, who felt no difference between landing where Tell leaped ashore, or standing where ‘St. Preux has stood’. †b. with of: a lover, one who is fond of. Obs Hamilton in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) Those who are professed dilettanti of miracles.

2. attrib. a. In apposition, as dilettante musician, etc. = amateur ‘J. Collier’ Musical Trav. (ed. 2) 4 That great Dilettante performer on the harp F. Burney Lett. 27 Oct., A Dilettante purchaser may yet be found J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xv. 43 You are almost entirely reduced to Dilletanti Musicians T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall iii, Sir Patrick O'Prism, a dilettante painter of high renown W. M. Craig Lect. Drawing v. 252 Suited for the dilettante artist J. Morley Voltaire ii. 54 The dilettante believer is indeed not a strong spirit, but the weakest. b. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a dilettante (in the shades of meaning the word has passed through) T. Smollett Ferdinand Count Fathom xxxii, He sometimes held forth upon painting, like a member of the Dilettanti club ‘J. Collier’ Musical Trav. (ed. 2) 59 He ordered his servant to bring in his Dilettante ring and wig T. J. Mathias Pursuits of Lit.: Pt. IV (ed. 7) 386 The dilettante spirit which too frequently prevails in Dr. Warton's comments M. M. Sherwood Lady of Manor (ed. 2) II. xiii. 266, I ‥ will have a dilletante play, or concert, or some such thing, got up T. Carlyle On Heroes vi. 347 To us it is no dilettante work, no sleek officiality; it is sheer rough death and earnest M. Pattison Suggestions Acad. Organisation v. 148 A dilettante fastidiousness, an aimless inertia.

VIRTUOSO, n. Pronunciation: /vɜːtjuːˈəʊsəʊ/ Forms: Also 16–17 vertuoso. Pl. virtuosi (16 vert-) and virtuosos. Etymology: < Italian virtuoso (also vertuoso ) ‘learned, skilled, skilful, full of learning’ (Baretti) < Latin virtuōsus : see virtuous adj. Hence also French virtuose, †virtuoso.(Show Less) virtuous adj.(Show Less) It is frequently difficult in particular instances to decide which of the senses is intended.Thesaurus ». †1. One who has a general interest in arts and sciences, or who pursues special investigations in one or more of these; a learned person; a scientist, savant, or scholar. Obs.Sometimes tending towards a depreciatory sense, as in —1754(Show quotations).(Show quotations) 2. One who has a special interest in, or taste for, the fine arts; a student or collector of antiquities, natural curiosities or rarities, etc.; a connoisseur; freq., one who carries on such pursuits in a dilettante or trifling manner. c1660—1885(Show quotations).(Show quotations) 3. a. One who has special knowledge or skill in music; spec., in modern use, one who excels in, or devotes special attention to, technique in playing or singing. 1743—1900(Show quotations).(Show quotations) b. transf. 1921—1952(Show quotations).(Show quotations) 4. attrib., as virtuoso collection, virtuoso country, virtuoso expression, virtuoso kind, virtuoso scheme, etc. Now also passing into adj. 1668—1984(Show quotations.(Show quotations

AMATEUR, n. Pronunciation: /æməˈtɜː(r)/ /ˈæmətjʊə(r)/ /-tə(r)/ Etymology: < French amateur < Latin amātōr-em, n. of agent < amā-re to love. Occasionally pronounced as French; often with /ɜː/ for French eu; some who say /jʊə/ still keep the stress on last syllable. So with the derivatives.(Show Less)(Show Less) Thesaurus ». 1. One who loves or is fond of; one who has a taste for anything. 1784—1863(Show quotations).(Show quotations) 2. a. One who cultivates anything as a pastime, as distinguished from one who prosecutes it professionally; hence, sometimes used disparagingly, as = dabbler, or superficial student or worker. See also quot —1882(Show quotations).(Show quotations) b. Often prefixed (in apposition) to another designation, as amateur painter, amateur gardener. 1805—1953(Show quotations).(Show quotations) 3. a. Hence attrib. almost adj. Done by amateurs. Cf. amateur gardener with amateur gardening. a1828—1962(Show quotations).(Show quotations) b. Used disparagingly. Cf. sense —1950(Show quotations).(Show quotations) Draft additions March amateur hour n. and adj. orig. U.S. (a) n. (on radio, television, etc.) a time slot in which amateur entertainers are invited to perform; (also in extended use) a period characterized by a lack of professionalism; an example of amateurishness or ineptitude (cf. amateur night n.); (b) adj. inept, shambolic, amateurish.amateur night n. 1925—2006(Show quotations).(Show quotations)

Jonathan Richardson by Jonathan Richardson oil on canvas, 1729 Jonathan Richardson by Jonathan Richardson black chalk heightened with white on blue paper, 1735

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