Mastering NT Greek 8. Getting Personal Pronouns By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic

Warm-ups

Review: What we’ve done so far Alphabet, accents, syllables Verb: Present Active Indicative (PAI) Nouns: (Masc/Fem) Prepositions Adjectives (Attributive (+Article), Predicate (-Article), Substantive (-Noun))

PAI Verb Paradigm Rap λύωλύομεν λύωλύομεν λύειςλύετε λύειςλύετε λύειλύουσι(ν) λύειλύουσι(ν)

2-1-2 Paradigms - Chant this λόγος γραφή ἱ ερόν λόγος γραφή ἱ ερόν λόγου γραφ ῆ ς ἱ ερο ῦ λόγου γραφ ῆ ς ἱ ερο ῦ λόγ ῳ γραφ ῇ ἱ ερ ῷ λόγ ῳ γραφ ῇ ἱ ερ ῷ λόγον γραφήν ἱ ερόν λόγον γραφήν ἱ ερόν λόγοι γραφαί ἱ ερά λόγοι γραφαί ἱ ερά λόγων γραφ ῶ ν ἱ ερ ῶ ν λόγων γραφ ῶ ν ἱ ερ ῶ ν λόγοις γραφα ῖ ς ἱ ερο ῖ ς λόγοις γραφα ῖ ς ἱ ερο ῖ ς λόγους γραφάς ἱ ερά λόγους γραφάς ἱ ερά

The "is" verb PAI -- ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν) ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν)

Preping Prepositions πρός (to) Accusative (towards) ε ἰ ς (into) ἐ ν (in) Dative (in) ἀ πό (from) Genitive (separation, from) ἐ κ (out of, from) ἐ πί (on) κατά (down, against) σύν (with) μετά (with; after) περί (about, around) διά (through; on account of)

Memory Verse -- Jn 1:1 Ἐ ν ἀ ρχ ῇ ἦ ν ὁ λόγος, Ἐ ν ἀ ρχ ῇ ἦ ν ὁ λόγος, in the beginning was the word in the beginning was the word κα ὶ ὁ λόγος ἦ ν πρ ὸ ς τ ὸ ν θεόν, κα ὶ ὁ λόγος ἦ ν πρ ὸ ς τ ὸ ν θεόν, and the word was with God and the word was with God κα ὶ θε ὸ ς ἦ ν ὁ λόγος. κα ὶ θε ὸ ς ἦ ν ὁ λόγος. and the word was God and the word was God

Personal Pronouns: an Introduction

Pronouns in English Def: Pronoun is a word that stands in place of a noun. Def: Pronoun is a word that stands in place of a noun.  Zach threw the ball to Elliott.  It (the ball) hit him (Elliott).

6 Types of Pronouns Personal Pronouns: I, me, you, he, she, it, they. She rode the train. Personal Pronouns: I, me, you, he, she, it, they. She rode the train. Demonstrative Pronouns: this, that Demonstrative Pronouns: this, that  This bike belongs to that student. Relative Pronouns: who, which Relative Pronouns: who, which  It is a great person who attempts to master Greek. Reciprocal Pronouns: one another Reciprocal Pronouns: one another  They loved one another.

6 Types of Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns: herself, himself   She hid herself in the closet. Interrogative Pronouns: ask a question Who? What?   Who took my keys?

English Pronoun Case Subject: I, you, he, she, they Possessive: my, yours, his, hers, their   The bike was hers. Objective: me, you, him, her, them   He took them to the store.   It is I or me?   It is he or him?   It is she or her?

First Person Personal Pronoun First Person = I ( ἐ γώ) First Person = I ( ἐ γώ) Singular Plural Singular Plural Nom. ἐ γώ I ἡ με ῖ ς we Gen. μου my/of me ἡ μ ῶ ν our Dat. μοι to/for me ἡ μ ῖ ν to us Acc. με me ἡ μ ᾶ ς us Nom. ἐ γώ I ἡ με ῖ ς we Gen. μου my/of me ἡ μ ῶ ν our Dat. μοι to/for me ἡ μ ῖ ν to us Acc. με me ἡ μ ᾶ ς us Learn the call chant for ἐ γώ Learn the call chant for ἐ γώ

Second Person Personal Pronoun Second Person = you (σύ) Second Person = you (σύ) Singular Plural Singular Plural Nom. σύ you ὑ με ῖ ς you (pl.) Gen. σου your/of you ὑ μ ῶ ν your Dat. σοι to/for you ὑ μ ῖ ν to/for you Acc. σε you ὑ μ ᾶ ς you (pl.) Nom. σύ you ὑ με ῖ ς you (pl.) Gen. σου your/of you ὑ μ ῶ ν your Dat. σοι to/for you ὑ μ ῖ ν to/for you Acc. σε you ὑ μ ᾶ ς you (pl.) Learn the call chant for ἐ γώ and σύ (see below) Learn the call chant for ἐ γώ and σύ (see below)

Examples Ἐ γώ ε ἰ μι τ ὸ φ ῶ ς το ὺ κόσμου Ἐ γώ ε ἰ μι τ ὸ φ ῶ ς το ὺ κόσμου I am the light of the world I am the light of the world

1 st and 2 nd Person Chant ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] To get the 2 nd person ] plural just shift the ἡ ( ἡ με ῖ ς) to a ὑ ( ὑ με ῖ ς) etc. To get the 2 nd person ] plural just shift the ἡ ( ἡ με ῖ ς) to a ὑ ( ὑ με ῖ ς) etc.

Declension Format Person + Case + Number Person + Case + Number μου = 1st Gen Sg from ἐ γώ “my” μου = 1st Gen Sg from ἐ γώ “my” σε = 2nd Acc Sg from σύ “you” σε = 2nd Acc Sg from σύ “you”

Third Person Personal Pronoun Follows the pattern: α ὐ τός (he) Follows the pattern: α ὐ τός (he) Masculine Masculine Nom. α ὐ τός he α ὐ τοί they Gen. α ὐ το ῦ his α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῷ to/for him α ὐ το ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τόν him α ὐ τούς them Nom. α ὐ τός he α ὐ τοί they Gen. α ὐ το ῦ his α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῷ to/for him α ὐ το ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τόν him α ὐ τούς them

Third Person Personal Pronoun Follows the pattern: α ὐ τή (she) Follows the pattern: α ὐ τή (she) Feminine Feminine Nom. α ὐ τή she α ὐ ταί they Gen. α ὐ τ ῆ ς hers α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῇ to/for her α ὐ τα ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τήν her α ὐ τάς them Nom. α ὐ τή she α ὐ ταί they Gen. α ὐ τ ῆ ς hers α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῇ to/for her α ὐ τα ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τήν her α ὐ τάς them

Third Person Personal Pronoun Follows the pattern: α ὐ τό (it) Follows the pattern: α ὐ τό (it) Neuter Neuter Nom. α ὐ τό it α ὐ τά they Gen. α ὐ το ῦ its α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῷ to/for it α ὐ το ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τό it α ὐ τά them Nom. α ὐ τό it α ὐ τά they Gen. α ὐ το ῦ its α ὐ τ ῶ ν their Dat. α ὐ τ ῷ to/for it α ὐ το ῖ ς to them Acc. α ὐ τό it α ὐ τά them

Three uses of α ὐ τός 1) As a pronoun 1) As a pronoun  λέγει α ὐ τ ῷ ὁ Ἰ ησο ῦ ς  Jesus said to him 2) Reflexive Intensifier -- she herself 2) Reflexive Intensifier -- she herself  Usually nominative – predicate use (no Art.)  Ἰ ησο ῦ ς α ὐ τ ὸ ς ο ὺ κ ἐ βάπτιζεν.  Jesus himself did not baptize.

Three uses of α ὐ τός 3. Adjective meaning "same" 3. Adjective meaning "same" In the attributive position, adjectival relation to the noun (+ art.) In the attributive position, adjectival relation to the noun (+ art.) ἡ α ὐ τ ὴ σάρξ ἡ α ὐ τ ὴ σάρξ The same flesh The same flesh

Totally Personal Chant ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] α ὐ τός, α ὐ τή, α ὐ τό α ὐ τός, α ὐ τή, α ὐ τό

Pronoun Enclitics Many personal pronouns are enclitics. Many personal pronouns are enclitics. μου, μοι, με, σου, σοι, σε μου, μοι, με, σου, σοι, σε Sometimes these are accented for emphasis or when they are the first word in the sentence. An e may also be added as well to the 1 st person singular forms: ἐ μο ῦ, ἐ μοί, ἐ μέ. Sometimes these are accented for emphasis or when they are the first word in the sentence. An e may also be added as well to the 1 st person singular forms: ἐ μο ῦ, ἐ μοί, ἐ μέ.

Chapter 8 Vocabulary α ὐ τός, -ή, -ό α ὐ τός, -ή, -ό  he/she/it

Chapter 8 Vocabulary γ ῆ, - ῆ ς, ἡ γ ῆ, - ῆ ς, ἡ  land, earth, region

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ἐ γώ, ἡ με ῖ ς ἐ γώ, ἡ με ῖ ς  I, we

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ἡ μέρα, -ας, ἡ ἡ μέρα, -ας, ἡ  day

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ὅ τι ὅ τι  that, so that

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ο ὖ ν ο ὖ ν  so, then, therefore

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ὄ χλος, -ου, ὁ ὄ χλος, -ου, ὁ  crowd

Chapter 8 Vocabulary παρά παρά  from (with Gen.)

Chapter 8 Vocabulary παρά παρά  beside, with (with Dat.)  alongside, beside (with Acc.)

Chapter 8 Vocabulary σύ, ὑ με ῖ ς σύ, ὑ με ῖ ς  you, you (pl.)

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ὑ πό ὑ πό  by, at the hands of (with Gen.)

Chapter 8 Vocabulary ὑ πό ὑ πό  under, below (with Acc.)

4 Chants

PAI Verb Paradigm Rap λύωλύομεν λύωλύομεν λύειςλύετε λύειςλύετε λύειλύουσι(ν) λύειλύουσι(ν)

Second Declension Chant λόγος λόγος λόγου λόγου λόγ ῳ λόγ ῳ λόγον λόγον λόγοι λόγοι λόγων λόγων λόγοις λόγοις λόγους λόγους ἱ ερόν ἱ ερο ῦ ἱ ερ ῷ ἱ ερόν ἱ ερά ἱ ερ ῶ ν ἱ ερο ῖ ς ἱ ερά Nom. Sg. Gen. Sg. Dat. Sg. Acc. Sg. Nom. Pl. Gen. Pl. Dat. Pl. Acc. Pl.

The "is" verb PAI -- ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν) ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν)

Totally Personal Chant e]gw< su h[mei?j [ u[mei?j ] e]gw< su h[mei?j [ u[mei?j ] mou sou h[mw?n [ u[mw?n ] mou sou h[mw?n [ u[mw?n ] moi soi h[mi?n [ u[mi?n ] moi soi h[mi?n [ u[mi?n ] me se h[ma?j [ u[ma?j ] me se h[ma?j [ u[ma?j ] Au]to<j, au]th<, au]to< Au]to<j, au]th<, au]to<

Totally Personal Chant ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς [ ὑ με ῖ ς] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν [ ὑ μ ῶ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν [ ὑ μ ῖ ν] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] με σε ἡ μ ᾶ ς [ ὑ μ ᾶ ς] α ὐ τός, α ὐ τή, α ὐ τό α ὐ τός, α ὐ τή, α ὐ τό

Vocabulary Review

Ch Vocabulary angel, messenger ἄ γγελος, -ου, ὁ verily, truly ἀ μήν man, humankind ἄ νθρωπος, -ου, ὁ I ἐ γώ ἐ γώGod θεός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary and, also, even καίheart καρδία, -ας, ἡ I say I sayλέγωprophet προφήτης, -ου, ὁ Christ, Messiah Χριστός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary brother brother ἀ δελφός, -ο ῦ, ὁ ἀ δελφός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I hear, obey I hear, obey ἀ κούω ἀ κούω glory, fame glory, fame δόξα, -ης, ἡδόξα, -ης, ἡ I have I have ἔ χω ἔ χω world world κόσμος, -ου, ὁκόσμος, -ου, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary Lord, sir Lord, sir κύριος, -ου, ὁκύριος, -ου, ὁ word word λόγος, -ου, ὁλόγος, -ου, ὁ Peter Peter Π ἑ τρος, -ου, ὁΠ ἑ τρος, -ου, ὁ son son υ ἱ ός, -ο ῦ, ὁυ ἱ ός, -ο ῦ, ὁ Pharisee Pharisee Φαρισα ῖ ος, -ου, ὁΦαρισα ῖ ος, -ου, ὁ

Ch Vocabulary but, yet but, yet ἀ λλ ἀ ἀ λλ ἀ apostle, sent one apostle, sent one ἀ πόστολος, -ου, ὁ ἀ πόστολος, -ου, ὁ I see I see βλέπωβλέπω for, then for, then γάργάρ I know I know γινώσκω γινώσκω

Ch Vocabulary Jesus Jesus Ἰ ησο ῦ ς, -ο ῦ, ὁ Ἰ ησο ῦ ς, -ο ῦ, ὁ I take, receive I take, receive λαμβάνωλαμβάνω I loose I loose λύωλύω heaven heaven ο ὐ ρανός, -ο ῦ, ὁο ὐ ρανός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I believe I believe πιστεύωπιστεύω

Ch Vocabulary I love ἀ γαπάω ἀ γαπάω I write γράφω γράφω but, and δέ δέ servant, slave δο ῦ λος, -ου, ὁ δο ῦ λος, -ου, ὁ I find ε ὑ ρίσκω ε ὑ ρίσκω

Ch Vocabulary temple ἱ ερόν, -ο ῦ, τό ἱ ερόν, -ο ῦ, τό People People λαός, -ο ῦ, ὁ λαός, -ο ῦ, ὁ law law νόμος, -ου, ὁ νόμος, -ου, ὁhouse ο ἶ κος, -ου, ὁ ο ἶ κος, -ου, ὁ as, about, how ὡ ς ὡ ς

Ch Vocabulary love ἀ γάπη, -ης, ἡ ἀ γάπη, -ης, ἡtruth ἀ λήθεια, -ας, ἡ ἀ λήθεια, -ας, ἡsin ἁ μαρτία, -ας, ἡ ἁ μαρτία, -ας, ἡkingdom βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ writing, Scripture γραφή, - ῆ ς, ἡ γραφή, - ῆ ς, ἡ

Ch Vocabulary I raise up ἐ γείρω ἐ γείρω assembly, church ἐ κκλησία, -ας, ἡ ἐ κκλησία, -ας, ἡwork ἔ ργον, -ου, τό ἔ ργον, -ου, τόdisciple μαθητής, -ο ῦ, ὁ μαθητής, -ο ῦ, ὁHour ὥ ρα, -ας, ἡ ὥ ρα, -ας, ἡ

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἀ πό (Gen.) ἀ πό (Gen.)  from διά (Gen.) διά (Gen.)  through διά (Acc.) διά (Acc.)  on account of ε ἰ ς (Acc.) ε ἰ ς (Acc.)  into

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ κ (Gen.) ἐ κ (Gen.)  out of, from ἐ ν (Dat.) ἐ ν (Dat.)  in ἐ πί (Gen.) ἐ πί (Gen.)  on, over ἐ πί (Dat.) ἐ πί (Dat.)  on, at, against, on the basis of

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ πί (Acc.) ἐ πί (Acc.)  on, to, toward, against κατά (Gen.) κατά (Gen.)  down, against κατά (Acc.) κατά (Acc.)  according to μετά (Gen.) μετά (Gen.)  with

Chapter 6 Vocabulary μετά (Acc.) μετά (Acc.)  after, behind περί (Gen.) περί (Gen.)  about, concerning περί (Acc.) περί (Acc.)  around, near πρός (Acc.) πρός (Acc.)  to

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 good ἀ γαθός, -ή, -όν ἀ γαθός, -ή, -όν Holy Holy ἅ γιος, -α, -ον ἅ γιος, -α, -ονrighteous δίκαιοις, -α, -ον δίκαιοις, -α, -ον

Vocabulary – Ch. 7 I am ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί Jewish, a Jew Jewish, a Jew Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Great Great μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 dead dead νεκρός, -ά, -όν νεκρός, -ά, -όν no, not no, not ο ὐ, ο ὐ κ, ο ὐ χ ο ὐ, ο ὐ κ, ο ὐ χ first first πρ ῶ τος, -η, -ον πρ ῶ τος, -η, -ον voice voice φωνή, - ῆ ς, ἡ φωνή, - ῆ ς, ἡ