ΤΟ ΑΓΧΟΣ http://us.123rf.com/450wm/jomaplaon/jomaplaon1303/jomaplaon130300019/18529681-betonen-einflussfaktoren-ursachen-symptome-auswirkungen-konzeptionelle-darstellung.jpg

ΝΕΥΡΑΝΑΤΟΜΙΑ ΤΟΥ STRESS Θάλαμος Υποθάλαμος Αμύγδαλα Ιππόκαμπος http://o.quizlet.com/i/AJQRB1QshxMR-XL-7tH6ew_m.jpg

ΝΕΥΡΑΝΑΤΟΜΙΑ ΤΟΥ STRESS Υπομέλας τόπος Επικληνής πυρήνας http://sites.sinauer.com/animalcommunication2e/images/08/WT08.07Fig2.jpg http://www.uccs.edu/Images/biology/tara/LocusCoeruleus(0).png

Τα ερεθίσματα άγχους οδηγούν σε διέγερση των αμυγδάλων http://realitybasedbrainponies.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/cerebral-hemispheres.jpg

Ρύθμιση του άγχους : αμύγδαλα

Σύστημα υπομέλανα τόπου-Νορεπινεφρίνης http://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/9921/fnsys-05-00031-HTML/image_m/fnsys-05-00031-g001.jpg

Άξονας Υπόφυσης- Υποθαλάμου- Επινεφριδίων (HPA) http://media1.shmoop.com/images/biology/biobook_animalsys_graphik_21.png

Άξονας Εγκεφάλου- Εντέρου http://2012.igem.org/wiki/images/thumb/2/23/NTU-Taida-Project-brain_gut_axis.png/700px-NTU-Taida-Project-brain_gut_axis.png

Κορτιζόλη-Υποδοχέας Γλυκοκορτικοειδών (A) Hsp40 and Hsp70 facilitate, while Bag1 impairs, the folding of GR into a low steroid-affinity conformation. Bag1 also aids degradation of the unstable folded GR complex, (B) Hsp90, p23 and FKBP51 stablilise the GR complex in a high affinity state, (C) Displacement of FKBP51 by FKBP52 enables the translocation of the cortisol-bound GR heterocomplex to the nucleus, (D) Within the nucleus, GR activates or represses the transcription of target genes, at GREs or nGREs respectively. Overexpression of Bag1, Hsp90 or p23 can repress GR-responsive gene transcription. Availability of free cortisol (modulated by CBG) and inter-conversion of cortisol to cortisone by 11β-HSD1/2 also impact GR signaling. See Grad and Picard17 for comprehensive review. Abbreviations: GRE- glucocorticoid response element, nGRE- negative glucocorticoid response element, CBG- cortisol binding globulin, 11β-HSD- 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/131218/srep03539/full/srep03539.html

α / β Υποδοχείς http://flipper.diff.org/app/pathways/info/2525

Βιβλιογραφία Michael Davis Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress 64 (2002):p.931-951” NEURAL CIRCUITRY OF ANXIETY AND TRESS DISORDERS” Daniel J. Christoffel et.al. Rev Neurosci. 2011 ; 22(5): 535–549 “Structural and synaptic plasticity in stress-related disorders” Elizabeth Johnson “ Νευροανατομία” 45 (2012) : p. 677-689