Prepositions and Review

Slides:

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Μεταγράφημα παρουσίασης:

Prepositions and Review By Stephen Curto For Intro to Greek Sept 25, 2016

Outline Review Prepositions in English Prepositions in Greek Translation Procedure The Verb εἰμί

Review Genitive Case Case indicating “of-ness” or “from-ness” Case indicating possession Usual translations: “of _____” or “_____’s” Dative Case The case of “to-ness” “with-ness” or “in-ness” The case of Indirect object. ***Microscope*** Accusative = Direct Object Dative = Indirect Object

The Full Paradigm Masculine Feminine Neuter Nom Sing λόγος γραφή ὥρα ἔργον Gen Sing λόγου γραφής ὥρας ἔργου Dat Sing λόγῳ γραφῇ ὥρᾳ ἔργῳ Acc Sing λόγον γραφήν ὥραν Declension 2 1 Nom Plur λόγοι γραφαί ἔργα Gen Plur λόγων γραφῶν ἔργων Dat Plur λόγοις γραφαῖς ἔργοις Acc Plur λόγους γραφάς

Review Translation Hints Look for the nominative Look for the article Look for iota subscripts Watch out for the alternate 1st declension pattern. Look past the noun to see if there’s a genitive modifying it. Break the sentence into manageable chunks.

Review Homework – Exercise 7

Prepositions in English Relationship or placement words E.g. “The book is under the table.” “Her feet are on the chair.” “John came with his disciples.” The object of a preposition is always in the objective case E.g. “The book is under him.” NOT “The book is under he.”

Prepositions in Greek Prepositions in Greek function the same way The meaning of a preposition changes slightly based on the case of its object. If a genitive or dative is the object of a preposition, the translation word (“of” “in” “with” “to”) will drop in favor of the preposition. E.g. ὁ λογος του θεου. = The word of God. OR God’s word. ὁ λογος ἀπο θεου. = The word from God.

Translation Procedure Identify the preposition and find it’s object (that’s the prepositional phrase.) Identify what the preposition modifies (usually a verb) Translate the phrase and then work out where it goes in the sentence. *Note: Greek regularly drops the article from a prepositional phrase. Supply the article if needed based on context.

The Verb εἰμί εἰμί ἐσμέν εἶ ἐστέ ἐστίν εἰσίν I am We are You are Singular Plural 1st Person εἰμί ἐσμέν 2nd Person εἶ ἐστέ 3rd Person ἐστίν εἰσίν Singular Plural 1st Person I am We are 2nd Person You are Y’all are 3rd Person He/she/it is They are