Retinoblastoma Gene
p53 Gene
Figure 4-H-6. The roles of p53 in growth arrest and apoptosis Figure 4-H-6. The roles of p53 in growth arrest and apoptosis. (a) The cell cycle progression into the S phase requires the enzyme Cdk2, which can be inhibited by p21. The progression into the M phase requires Cdc2 which can be inhibited by p21, GADD45 or 14-3-3s. p53 regulates the expression of these inhibitory proteins to induce growth arrest. (b) Apoptosis can be induced by the binding of Caspase 9 to cytochrome c and Apaf1. p53 may activate the expression of Apaf1 and Bax. The latter can then stimulate the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (see Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Aging).
Γονιδιακή Θεραπεία με p53
Οικογενής Πολυποδίαση Παχέος Εντέρου: 1/10000
Γονίδια που κωδικοποιούν Ένζυμα Επιδιόρθωσης του DNA στον Καρκίνο του Παχέος Εντέρου MSH2 2p15-p22 50-60% MLH1 3p21.3 30-40% PMS1 2q31-q33 5% PMS2 7p22 5%
MSR1=macrophage scavenger receptor 1 Gene Name Chromosomal Location CAPB Prostate Cancer/ Brain Cancer Susceptibility 1p36 HPC1 Prostate Cancer, Hereditary 1q24-q25 PCAP Predisposing for Prostate Cancer 1q42.2-q43 HPC2 17p HPC20 20q13 HPCX Prostate Cancer, Hereditary X-linked Xq27-q28 MSR1=macrophage scavenger receptor 1 Researchers examined rare germ-line mutations in MSR1 and found men with a particular mutation were twice as likely to have prostate cancer. This holds true in both Caucasian and African-American men.