Athenian Jury-Selection: the kleroterion and the principle of randomization (agathe.gr/democracy/the_popular_courts.html: “Popular Courts, The Jury, The Speakers, The Verdict”)
Kleroteria (sing. -ion): jury-selection machine
Sample pinakion (distributed at beginning of year) ΔΗΜΟΦΑΝΗΣ ΦΙΛΙ[ Sample pinakion (distributed at beginning of year) ΔΗΜΟΦΑΝΗΣ ΦΙΛΙ[...] Δημοφάνης Φιλ[...] ΚΗΦΙΣΙΕΥΣ Κηφισιέυς Demophanes the son of Phil[…] From the deme of Kephisia Formula: Name, patronymic, demotic Missing: Α-Κ symbolon to aid in randomization
Δ
δικαστήρια (dikasteria; sg. dikasterion): court assignments and voting σύμβολα (symbola) marked with jury-court symbols drawn randomly for assignments & used to claim jury-pay of 2 obols after trial Ballots for jurors (δικασταί, dikastai) marked ψῆφος δημόσιον (psephos demosion, “public vote”): hollow for prosecution (guilty), solid for defendant (acquittal). Each δικαστής (dikastes) has two ballots & places them in two separate urns, bronze to be counted, wooden to be discarded.
5th-4th c. BCE lawcourts
Roof-tiles as ballot box (dikast ballots, kleroterion balls inside) Lawcourt (“Square Peristyle”) from the NE corner of the Agora, ca. 300 BCE NE corner of Agora, 5th-2nd centuries BCE Klepsydra (water-clock) holding two (XX) choes (~6 quarts) Original and reconstruction: ca. 6 minutes to run out
The charge (δίκη): Antigone violated the law
Trial of Antigone: cast of characters Greek English Role Student Ἀντιγόνη Antigone Defendant (x 2) Ἰσμήνη Ismene Witness Φύλαξ Sentry Κρέων Kreon Prosecutor (x 2) Αἷμων Haimon Τειρησίας Teiresias Εὐρυδίκη Eurydike Χόρος Chorus Witnesses (1) Πολυνείκης Polyneikes Ἐτεόκλης Eteokles Οἰδίπους Oidipous Δικασταί Dicasts Jurors (9)
Preparations for the trial