MUSIC Vasilara Christina Tzes Sotiris Lousa Sidita Serdari Armado

INTRODUCTION  Music is an art, entertainment, pleasure, and medicine for the body and soul. Playing music is one of the few activities that involve using the whole brain. Music is intrinsic to all cultures and has surprising benefits not only for learning language, improving memory and focusing attention, but also for physical coordination and development.

M USIC AND M OOD  Modern research supports conventional wisdom that music benefits mood and confidence. Because of our unique experiences, we develop different musical tastes and preferences. Despite these differences, there are some common responses to music. Certain kinds of music make almost everyone feel worse, even when someone says she enjoys it; that pop, rock, oldies, and classical music helped them feel happier and more optimistic, friendly, relaxed, and calm.

M USIC, A TTENTION AND L EARNING  It is easier to memorize a list if it is set to music. Scientific research supports common experience that pairing music with rhythm and pitch enhances learning and recall. Music helps children and adolescents with attention problems in several ways.

M USIC AND S LEEP  Many people listen to soothing music to help them fall asleep. Conversely, if you’re trying to wake up in the morning, go for the fast-tempo music rather than lullabies.

S TRESS, A NXIETY AND D EPRESSION  Ancient philosophers from Plato to Confucius believed that music can help soothe stress. Nowadays, it has been proved that music, widely chosen, lowers stress hormone levels. Calming music can be combined with cognitive therapy to lower anxiety even more effectively than conventional therapy alone. Music has proven useful in helping patients with depression.

M USIC AND M EMORY L OSS  For many people suffering from memory loss the spoken language has become meaningless. Music can help patients remember tunes or songs and get in touch with their history. This is because the part of the brain which processes music is located next to memory. Research shows that people with memory loss respond best to music of their choice.

M USIC : M EDICINE FOR THE HEART  Music is good for your heart also. In this case, benefits come not from music style, but it's tempo. Italian and British researchers recruited young men and women, half of whom were trained musicians. The participants listened to six styles of music in headphones, including rap and classical pieces, with random two-minute pauses. As the participants listened to the music, the researchers monitored their breathing, heart rates and blood pressure. Heart and breathing rates were faster when they listened to lively music. And when the musical slowed, so did their heart and breathing rates.

M USIC BOOSTS IMMUNITY  Music can boost the immune function. Scientists explain that a particular type of music can create a positive and profound emotional experience This helps contribute to a reduction in the factors responsible for illness. Listening to music or singing can also decrease levels of stress-related hormone cortical.

M USIC T YPES  Jazz : Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime. Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'. Charles Mingusmusic genreAfrican-AmericanNew Orleansbluesragtime  Blues : Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century. The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage. Kenny Wayne Shepherdnmusic genremusical formDeep SouthAfrican musical traditionsAfrican-American work songsspiritualsfolk music

 Spirituals : Spirituals are generally Christian songs that were created by African Americans. Spirituals were originally an oral tradition that imparted Christian values while also describing the hardships of slavery. Although spirituals were originally unaccompanied monophonic songs, they are best known today in harmonized choral arrangements. This historic group of uniquely American songs is now recognized as a distinct genre of music.ChristianAfrican Americans  Pop : Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid-1950s.The terms "popular music" and "pop music" are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many different styles. Michael Jacksongenrepopular music

Rock : Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music. Bob Dylanpopular musicrock and rollbluesrhythm and bluescountry musicBob Dylan Latin : Latin music (música latina in Spanish and Portuguese) is a genre that is used by the music industry as a catch-all term for any music that comes from Spanish. "Latin music" as any recording sung mostly in Spanish regardless of its genre or the artist's nationality. Larry HarlowSpanishPortuguesemusic industry

 Metal : Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom. With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Led Zeppelinrock musicUnited Kingdomblues rockpsychedelicacid rockdistortionguitar solosLed Zeppelin Funk : Funk is a music genre that originated in the mid- 1960s when African American musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul music, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B). Funk de- emphasizes melody and chord progressions used in other related genres and brings a strong rhythmic groove of a bass line played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a drummer to the foreground. Like much of African-inspired music, funk typically consists of a complex groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves. Jimmy Hendrixmusic genre 1960sAfrican Americansoul musicjazzrhythm and blueschord progressionsrhythmicgroovebass lineelectric bassistdrummerAfrican-inspired musicgrooverhythm instrumentsJimmy Hendrix

Country : Country is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s. Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars, and fiddles as well as harmonicas. Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history. Bob Willssouthern United Statesbanjosacoustic guitarssteel guitarsfiddlesharmonicasBlues modes recorded history Hip-Hop and Rap : Hip hop music, also called hip- hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Eminem 2pacmusic genreUnited StatesAfrican Americansrappinghip hopsubcultureMCingrappingDJingscratchingbreak dancinggraffiti writing