Mastering NT Greek 23. Subjecting the Subjunctives By Ted Hildebrandt © 2003 Baker Academic.

Warm-ups

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer Πάτερ ἡ μ ῶ ν ὁ ἐ ν το ῖ ς ο ὐ ρανο ῖ ς father our the one in heaven ἁ γιασθήτω τ ὸ ὄ νομά σου make holy name your ἁ γιασθήτω τ ὸ ὄ νομά σου make holy name your ἐ λθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου let come kingdom your ἐ λθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου let come kingdom your γενηθήτω τ ὸ θέλημά σου, let be will your γενηθήτω τ ὸ θέλημά σου, let be will your

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer ὡ ς ἐ ν ο ὐ ραν ῷ κα ὶ ἐ π ὶ γ ῆ ς· as in heaven also on earth ὡ ς ἐ ν ο ὐ ραν ῷ κα ὶ ἐ π ὶ γ ῆ ς· as in heaven also on earth τ ὸ ν ἄ ρτον ἥ μ ῶ ν τ ὸ ν the bread our τ ὸ ν ἄ ρτον ἥ μ ῶ ν τ ὸ ν the bread our ἐ πιούσιον δ ὸ ς ἡ μ ῖ ν σήμερον· daily give us today ἐ πιούσιον δ ὸ ς ἡ μ ῖ ν σήμερον· daily give us today

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer κα ὶ ἄ φες ἡ μ ῖ ν τ ὰ ὀ φειλήματα ἡ μ ῶ ν and forgive us trespasses our κα ὶ ἄ φες ἡ μ ῖ ν τ ὰ ὀ φειλήματα ἡ μ ῶ ν and forgive us trespasses our ὡ ς κα ὶ ἡ με ῖ ς ἀ φήκαμεν as also we have forgiven ὡ ς κα ὶ ἡ με ῖ ς ἀ φήκαμεν as also we have forgiven το ῖ ς ὀ φειλέταις ἡ μ ῶ ν the ones trespassing us το ῖ ς ὀ φειλέταις ἡ μ ῶ ν the ones trespassing us

Rapping the Lord’s Prayer κα ὶ μ ὴ ε ἰ σενέγκ ῃ ς ἡ μ ᾶ ς and do not lead us ε ἰ ς πειρασμόν into temptation ἀ λλ ὰ ῥῦ σαι ἡ μ ᾶ ς ἀ π ὸ but deliver us from το ῦ πονηρο ῦ the evil one κα ὶ μ ὴ ε ἰ σενέγκ ῃ ς ἡ μ ᾶ ς and do not lead us ε ἰ ς πειρασμόν into temptation ἀ λλ ὰ ῥῦ σαι ἡ μ ᾶ ς ἀ π ὸ but deliver us from το ῦ πονηρο ῦ the evil one

2-1-2 Paradigms - Chant this 2 1 2 2 1 2 λόγος γραφή ἱ ερόν λόγος γραφή ἱ ερόν λόγου γραφ ῆ ς ἱ ερο ῦ λόγου γραφ ῆ ς ἱ ερο ῦ λόγ ῳ γραφ ῇ ἱ ερ ῷ λόγ ῳ γραφ ῇ ἱ ερ ῷ λόγον γραφήν ἱ ερόν λόγον γραφήν ἱ ερόν λόγοι γραφαί ἱ ερά λόγοι γραφαί ἱ ερά λόγων γραφ ῶ ν ἱ ερ ῶ ν λόγων γραφ ῶ ν ἱ ερ ῶ ν λόγοις γραφα ῖ ς ἱ ερο ῖ ς λόγοις γραφα ῖ ς ἱ ερο ῖ ς λόγους γραφάς ἱ ερά λόγους γραφάς ἱ ερά

3 rd Declension Chantables χαρίς ὄ νομα, πίστις χαρίς ὄ νομα, πίστις χάρις ὄ νομα πίστις χάρις ὄ νομα πίστις χάριτος ὀ νόματος πίστεως χάριτος ὀ νόματος πίστεως χάριτι ὀ νόματι πίστει χάριτι ὀ νόματι πίστει χάριτα ὄ νομα πίστιν χάριτα ὄ νομα πίστιν χάριτες ὀ νόματα πίστεις χάριτες ὀ νόματα πίστεις χαρίτων ὀ νομάτων πίστεων χαρίτων ὀ νομάτων πίστεων χάρισι(ν) ὀ νόμασι(ν) πίστεσι(ν) χάρισι(ν) ὀ νόμασι(ν) πίστεσι(ν) χάριτας ὀ νόματα πίστεις χάριτας ὀ νόματα πίστεις

PAI Verb Chant λύωλύομεν λύωλύομεν λύειςλύετε λύειςλύετε λύειλύουσι(ν) λύειλύουσι(ν)

The "is" verb PAI -- ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν) ε ἰ μί ἐ σμέν ε ἶ ἐ στέ ἐ στί(ν) ε ἰ σί(ν)

Imperfect ε ἰ μί ἤ μην ἦ μεν ἦ ς ἦ τε ἦ ν ἦ σαν ἤ μην ἦ μεν ἦ ς ἦ τε ἦ ν ἦ σαν

Person Personal Pronoun Chant Person Personal Pronoun Chant Singular Plural Singular Plural Nom. ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς Nom. ἐ γώ σύ ἡ με ῖ ς Gen. μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν Dat. μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν Acc. με σε ἡ μάς Gen. μου σου ἡ μ ῶ ν Dat. μοι σοι ἡ μ ῖ ν Acc. με σε ἡ μάς α ὐ τός, α ὐ τη, α ὐ τό (he, she, it) α ὐ τός, α ὐ τη, α ὐ τό (he, she, it)

Present Middle/Passive Indicative λύομαι, -ομεθα - ῃ, -εσθε -εται, -ονται λύομαι, -ομεθα - ῃ, -εσθε -εται, -ονται I am loosed/am being loosed I am loosed/am being loosed I loose myself/am loosing [for myself] I loose myself/am loosing [for myself]

Shape of the Future in Greek λύσω λύσομεν I will loose We will loose λύσω λύσομεν I will loose We will loose λύσεις λύσετε You will loose You all will loose λύσεις λύσετε You will loose You all will loose λύσει λύσουσι(ν) S/he/it will loose They will loose λύσει λύσουσι(ν) S/he/it will loose They will loose Chant this one Chant this one

Future Middle Paradigm λύσομαι -όμεθα - ῃ -εσθε -εται -ονται λύσομαι -όμεθα - ῃ -εσθε -εται -ονται I will loose (for myself) We will loose (for ourselves) … I will loose (for myself) We will loose (for ourselves) …

Demonstrative and Relative Pronouns Summary ἐ κε ῖ νος, ἐ κείνη, ἐ κε ῖ νο = that ἐ κε ῖ νος, ἐ κείνη, ἐ κε ῖ νο = that ο ὗ τος, α ὕ τη, το ῦ το τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου = this ο ὗ τος, α ὕ τη, το ῦ το τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου = this ὅ ς ἥ ὅ = Relative (who, which) ο ὗ ἧ ς ο ὗ ὅ ς ἥ ὅ = Relative (who, which) ο ὗ ἧ ς ο ὗ

Imperfect Active Paradigm of λύω Chant : ἐ λυον, ν, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν I was loosing, … Chant : ἐ λυον, ν, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν I was loosing, …

Imperfect Middle/Passive (IM/PI) Chant: ἐ λυόμην ου, ετο, ομεθα, εσθε, οντο Chant: ἐ λυόμην ου, ετο, ομεθα, εσθε, οντο I was being loosed I was being loosed

Second Aorist Active Chant ἔ λαβον ν, σ, ε, μεν, τε, ν ἔ λαβον ν, σ, ε, μεν, τε, ν

Second Aorist Middle Chant ἐ γενόμην -ου, -ετο, -ομεθα, -εσθε, -οντο ἐ γενόμην -ου, -ετο, -ομεθα, -εσθε, -οντο

Aorist Stem Changes -- 8 to know ἔ ρχομαι == ἦ λθον (I came, went) ἔ ρχομαι == ἦ λθον (I came, went) βλέπω == ε ἶ δον (I saw) βλέπω == ε ἶ δον (I saw) λέγω == ε ἶ πον (I said) λέγω == ε ἶ πον (I said) γίνομαι == ἐ γενόμην (I became) γίνομαι == ἐ γενόμην (I became) γινώσκω == ἔ γνων (I knew) γινώσκω == ἔ γνων (I knew) ἔ χω == ἔ σχον ( I had) ἔ χω == ἔ σχον ( I had) λαμβάνω == ἔ λαβον (I took) λαμβάνω == ἔ λαβον (I took) ε ὑ ρίσκω == ε ὗ ρον (I found) ε ὑ ρίσκω == ε ὗ ρον (I found)

1st Aorist Active Paradigm Learn: ἔ λυσα: I loosed… --, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν Learn: ἔ λυσα: I loosed… --, ς, ε, μεν, τε, ν

1st Aorist Middle Paradigm Learn: ἐ λυσάμην: I loosed for myself -ω, -ατο, -αμεθα, -ασθε, -αντο Learn: ἐ λυσάμην: I loosed for myself -ω, -ατο, -αμεθα, -ασθε, -αντο

Chanting the Present Particple Chant Present Active: ptc = participle Present Active: ptc = participle Nom. λύων λύουσα λ ῦ ον Gen. λύοντος λύουσης λύοντος Nom. λύων λύουσα λ ῦ ον Gen. λύοντος λύουσης λύοντος Present Middle/Passive Present Middle/Passive Nom. λυόμενος λυομένη λυόμενον Gen. λυομένου λυομένης λυομένου Nom. λυόμενος λυομένη λυόμενον Gen. λυομένου λυομένης λυομένου

Aorist Participle Chant First Aorist Active 3-1-3 (chant) First Aorist Active 3-1-3 (chant) Nom. λύσας λύσασα λύσαν Gen. λύσαντος λυσάσης λύσαντος Nom. λύσας λύσασα λύσαν Gen. λύσαντος λυσάσης λύσαντος Nom. λυθείς λυθε ῖ σα λυθέν Gen. λυθέντος λυθείσης λυθέντος Nom. λυθείς λυθε ῖ σα λυθέν Gen. λυθέντος λυθείσης λυθέντος First Aorist Middle 2-1-2 (non-chant) First Aorist Middle 2-1-2 (non-chant) Nom. λυσάμενος λυσαμένη λυσάμενον Gen. λυσαμένου λυσαμένης λυσαμένου Nom. λυσάμενος λυσαμένη λυσάμενον Gen. λυσαμένου λυσαμένης λυσαμένου

Perfect Participle Chant Perfect Active Participles (know these) Perfect Active Participles (know these) 3 1 3 λελυκώς λελυκυ ῖ α λελυκός λελυκότοςλελυκυίας λελυκότος 3 1 3 λελυκώς λελυκυ ῖ α λελυκός λελυκότοςλελυκυίας λελυκότος Perfect Middle/Passives Participles Perfect Middle/Passives Participles 2 1 2 λελυμένος λελυμένη λελυμένον λελυμένου λελυμένης λελυμένου 2 1 2 λελυμένος λελυμένη λελυμένον λελυμένου λελυμένης λελυμένου

Infinitive Endings to Chant λύειν (to loose) λύειν (to loose) Present: ειν εσθαι Present: ειν εσθαι Second Aorist: ε ῖ ν εσθαι ῆ ναι Second Aorist: ε ῖ ν εσθαι ῆ ναι First Aorist: αι ασθαι ῆ ναι First Aorist: αι ασθαι ῆ ναι Perfect: ναι σθαι Perfect: ναι σθαι Hint: often when seeing an "αι" on the end of a verb suspect an infinitive. Hint: often when seeing an "αι" on the end of a verb suspect an infinitive.

Subjunctives

Introduction Verbal Moods: Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative, Optative Verbal Moods: Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative, Optative Indicative: statement portrayed as fact mood Indicative: statement portrayed as fact mood –King Kong climbed the Empire State building. [Zach shot the ball.] Subjunctive: possibility "may" or “might”, contingency, doubt, uncertainty often by reason of futurity Subjunctive: possibility "may" or “might”, contingency, doubt, uncertainty often by reason of futurity –Zach may shoot the ball.

Introduction Imperative: command (expectation) Imperative: command (expectation) –Zach, shoot the ball! Optative: hoped for, wish Optative: hoped for, wish –Oh that Zach would shoot the ball.

Subjunctives Tense: only in present and aorist [ο ἰ δά (Perf.) will appear in the Subjunctive but its rare.] Tense: only in present and aorist [ο ἰ δά (Perf.) will appear in the Subjunctive but its rare.] Aspect not tense: Aspect not tense: –Present: In progress, unfolding, immediacy, details, foregrounded –Aorist: Whole/complete/background Time of subjunctive dependent on main verb or context (temporal particles) Time of subjunctive dependent on main verb or context (temporal particles)

Form Uses primary endings: Uses primary endings: –Active: ω, εις, ει, ομεν... –Passive: μαι, ῃ, εται, ομεθα... The trick: the connecting vowel is lengthened ο to ω; ε to η The trick: the connecting vowel is lengthened ο to ω; ε to η Present: λυ + ω + μεν = λύωμεν Present: λυ + ω + μεν = λύωμεν –we may continue to loose Aorist: λυ + σ + ω + μεν = λύσωμεν Aorist: λυ + σ + ω + μεν = λύσωμεν –we may loose

Present Active (process, immediacy, foregrounding) Active Singular Plural Active Singular Plural 1 λύω λύωμεν 2 λύ ῃ ς λύητε 3 λύ ῃ λύωσι(ν) 1 λύω λύωμεν 2 λύ ῃ ς λύητε 3 λύ ῃ λύωσι(ν) I may continue loosing (may be loosing) You may continue loosing I may continue loosing (may be loosing) You may continue loosing

Present Mid/Passive (process, immediacy, foregrounding) Mid/Pas Singular Plural Mid/Pas Singular Plural 1 λύωμαι λυώμεθα 2 λύ ῃ λύησθε 3 λύηται λύωνται 1 λύωμαι λυώμεθα 2 λύ ῃ λύησθε 3 λύηται λύωνται I may continue to be loosed You may continue to be loosed I may continue to be loosed You may continue to be loosed

Aorist Active (whole, complete, background) Active Singular Plural Active Singular Plural 1 λύσω λύσωμεν 2 λύσ ῃ ς λύσητε 3 λύσ ῃ λύσωσι(ν) 1 λύσω λύσωμεν 2 λύσ ῃ ς λύσητε 3 λύσ ῃ λύσωσι(ν) I may loose You may loose I may loose You may loose Compare future form. What is relation of subj. and future? Compare future form. What is relation of subj. and future?

Aorist Middle (whole, complete, background) Mid Singular Plural Mid Singular Plural 1 λύσωμαι λυσώμεθα 2 λύσ ῃ λύσησθε 3 λύσηται λύσωνται 1 λύσωμαι λυσώμεθα 2 λύσ ῃ λύσησθε 3 λύσηται λύσωνται I may loose (myself) You may loose (yourself) I may loose (myself) You may loose (yourself)

Aorist Passive (whole, complete, background) Passive Singular Plural Passive Singular Plural 1 λυθ ῶ λυθ ῶ μεν 2 λυθ ῇ ς λυθ ῆ τε 3 λυθ ῇ λυθ ῶ σι(ν) 1 λυθ ῶ λυθ ῶ μεν 2 λυθ ῇ ς λυθ ῆ τε 3 λυθ ῇ λυθ ῶ σι(ν) I may be loosed You may be loosed I may be loosed You may be loosed

Second Aorist Active (λείπω = I leave) Active Singular Plural Active Singular Plural 1 λίπω λίπωμεν 2 λίπ ῃ ς λίπητε 3 λίπ ῃ λίπωσι(ν) 1 λίπω λίπωμεν 2 λίπ ῃ ς λίπητε 3 λίπ ῃ λίπωσι(ν) I may leave You may leave I may leave You may leave

Subjunctivizing ei]mi< Active Singular Plural Active Singular Plural 1 ὦ ὦ μεν 2 ἦ ς ἦ τε 3 ᾖ ὦ σι(ν) 1 ὦ ὦ μεν 2 ἦ ς ἦ τε 3 ᾖ ὦ σι(ν) I may be You may be I may be You may be

Subjunctive Overview Subjunctive Overview PAS λύω, λύ ῃ ς, λύ ῃ, λύωμεν, λύητε, λύωσι(ν) PAS λύω, λύ ῃ ς, λύ ῃ, λύωμεν, λύητε, λύωσι(ν) PM/P S λύωμαι, - ῃ, ηται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται PM/P S λύωμαι, - ῃ, ηται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται AAS λύσω, λύσ ῃ ς, λύσ ῃ, λύσωμεν, λύσητε, λύσωσι(ν) AAS λύσω, λύσ ῃ ς, λύσ ῃ, λύσωμεν, λύσητε, λύσωσι(ν) AM S λύσωμαι, - ῃ, -ηται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται AM S λύσωμαι, - ῃ, -ηται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται APS λύθω, λύθ ῃ ς, λύθ ῃ, λύθωμεν, λύθητε, λύθωσι(ν) APS λύθω, λύθ ῃ ς, λύθ ῃ, λύθωμεν, λύθητε, λύθωσι(ν)

Subjunctive Chant Subjunctive Chant PAS λύω, λύ ῃ ς, λύ ῃ, λύωμεν, λύητε, λύωσι(ν) PAS λύω, λύ ῃ ς, λύ ῃ, λύωμεν, λύητε, λύωσι(ν) PM/P S λύωμαι, - ῃ, ῃ ται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται PM/P S λύωμαι, - ῃ, ῃ ται, -ωμεθα, -ησθε, -ωνται

Four Subjunctive Triggers ἵ να = in order that + Subjunctive ( ὅ πως) ἵ να = in order that + Subjunctive ( ὅ πως) ἐ άν = if/when + Subjunctive ἐ άν = if/when + Subjunctive ὅ ς ἄ ν = whoever + Subjunctive ὅ ς ἄ ν = whoever + Subjunctive ἕ ως = until + Subjunctive ἕ ως = until + Subjunctive Hint: whenever you see a ἵ να look for a subjunctive following it. Hint: whenever you see a ἵ να look for a subjunctive following it.

Four Functions of Subjunctives Hortatory subjunctive: "Let us, let me" Hortatory subjunctive: "Let us, let me" –Requires first person: me, we –Let us go, let us pray Subordinate purpose/result clause: Subordinate purpose/result clause: –in order that he might run Prohibitive Subjunctive Prohibitive Subjunctive –Lead us not into temptation

Four Functions of Subjunctives Deliberative subjunctive: rhetorical device not wanting an answer Deliberative subjunctive: rhetorical device not wanting an answer –What shall I say to you?

Four Types of Conditionals 1) Reality: if (since) you come, then I will... 1) Reality: if (since) you come, then I will... – ε ἰ + Indicative verb 2) Contrary to fact: "If you had come he would not have died (but you didn’t)" 2) Contrary to fact: "If you had come he would not have died (but you didn’t)" –ε ἰ + indicative + ἄ ν + indicative 3) Probability: if you come then you are my friend (but you have not yet) 3) Probability: if you come then you are my friend (but you have not yet) – ἔ άν + Subjunctive

Four Types of Conditionals 4) Possibility: ε ἰ + Optative (if you should suffer) 4) Possibility: ε ἰ + Optative (if you should suffer)

Optatives Mood of wish -- 67 in NT Mood of wish -- 67 in NT Characterized by an internal addition of: οι, αι, or ει internal connector. Characterized by an internal addition of: οι, αι, or ει internal connector. γάνοιτο -- Aorist of γίνομαι -- may it be γάνοιτο -- Aorist of γίνομαι -- may it be δυναίμην -- Present dep. 1s -- Oh that I would be able to... δυναίμην -- Present dep. 1s -- Oh that I would be able to... ἔ χοιεν -- Present 3 Pl -- Oh that they would have ἔ χοιεν -- Present 3 Pl -- Oh that they would have

Negative Rhetorical Questions ο ὐ implies a "yes" answer Elliott, you are going to study tonight, aren't you? -- yes, of course ο ὐ implies a "yes" answer Elliott, you are going to study tonight, aren't you? -- yes, of course μή implies a "no" answer (may = nay). "You are not going to study are you? -- no most likely not μή implies a "no" answer (may = nay). "You are not going to study are you? -- no most likely not

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ἄ γω ἄ γω – I lead, bring

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ἀ πολύω ἀ πολύω – I set free

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ε ἴ τε ε ἴ τε if, whether if, whether

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ἐ ντολή, - ῆ ς, ἡ ἐ ντολή, - ῆ ς, ἡ – commandment

Chapter 23 Vocabulary καρπός, -ο ῦ, ὁ καρπός, -ο ῦ, ὁ – fruit

Chapter 23 Vocabulary πιστός, -ή, -όν πιστός, -ή, -όν – faithful

Chapter 23 Vocabulary πρεσβύτερος, -α, -ον πρεσβύτερος, -α, -ον – elder

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ῥῆ μα, -ατος, τό ῥῆ μα, -ατος, τό word word

Vocabulary Ch. 23 σάββατον, -ου, τό σάββατον, -ου, τό – Sabbath

Chapter 23 Vocabulary φέρω φέρω – I bear, carry

Vocabulary Review

Chapter 23 Vocabulary ἄ γω ἄ γω –I lead, bring ἀ πολύω ἀ πολύω –I set free ε ἴ τε ε ἴ τε –if, whether ἐ ντολή, - ῆ ς, ἡ ἐ ντολή, - ῆ ς, ἡ –commandment καρπός, -ο ῦ, ὁ καρπός, -ο ῦ, ὁ –fruit

Chapter 23 Vocabulary πιστός, -ή, -όν πιστός, -ή, -όν –faithful πρεσβύτερος, -α, -ον πρεσβύτερος, -α, -ον –elder ῥῆ μα, -ατος, τό ῥῆ μα, -ατος, τό –word σάββατον, -ου, τό σάββατον, -ου, τό –Sabbath φέρω φέρω –I bear, carry

Chapter 22 Vocabulary α ἰ τέω α ἰ τέω –I ask α ἰ ώνιος, -ον α ἰ ώνιος, -ον –eternal ἀ ποκτείνω ἀ ποκτείνω –I kill κεφαλή, - ῆ ς, ἡ κεφαλή, - ῆ ς, ἡ –head πίνω πίνω –I drink

Chapter 22 Vocabulary πλο ῖ ον, -ου, τό πλο ῖ ον, -ου, τό –boat π ῦ ρ, -ός, τό π ῦ ρ, -ός, τό –fire τηρέω τηρέω –I keep, guard ὕ δωρ, -ατος, τό ὕ δωρ, -ατος, τό –water χαίρω χαίρω –I rejoice

Chapter 21 Vocabulary Chapter 21 Vocabulary ἀ νοίγω ἀ νοίγω –I open βαπτίζω βαπτίζω –I baptize ε ὐ αγγέλιον, -ου, τό ε ὐ αγγέλιον, -ου, τό –gospel μαρτυρέω μαρτυρέω –I witness πέμπω πέμπω –I send

Chapter 21 Vocabulary προνηρός, -ά, -όν προνηρός, -ά, -όν –evil, bad πρόσωπον, -ου, τό πρόσωπον, -ου, τό –face σημε ῖ ον, -ου, τό σημε ῖ ον, -ου, τό –sign, miracle στόμα, -ατος, τό στόμα, -ατος, τό –mouth ὑ πάγω ὑ πάγω –I go away

Chapter 20 Vocabulary ἀ ναβαίνω ἀ ναβαίνω –I go up ἄ ρχω ἄ ρχω –I rule, begin (in mid.) ἕ καστος, -η, -ον ἕ καστος, -η, -ον –each, every ἐ κβάλλω ἐ κβάλλω –I drive out κ ἀ γώ κ ἀ γώ –and I, but I

Chapter 20 Vocabulary καταβαίνω καταβαίνω –I go down μ ᾶ λλον μ ᾶ λλον –more, rather μήτηρ, -ός, ἡ μήτηρ, -ός, ἡ –mother ὅ που ὅ που –where, since ὥ στε ὥ στε –therefore, so that

Chapter 19 Vocabulary ἀ κολουθέω ἀ κολουθέω –I follow ἐ νώπιον ἐ νώπιον –before θάλασσα, -ης, ἡ θάλασσα, -ης, ἡ –sea, lake κάθημαι κάθημαι –I sit καιρός, -ο ῦ, ὁ καιρός, -ο ῦ, ὁ –time

Chapter 19 Vocabulary ο ὔ τε ο ὔ τε –and not, nor, neither πίπτω πίπτω –I fall πούς, ποδός, ὁ πούς, ποδός, ὁ –foot προσέρχομαι προσέρχομαι –I come/go to προσεύχομαι προσεύχομαι –I pray

Chapter 18 Vocabulary genna<w genna<w I beget I beget dikaiosu<nh, -hj, h[ dikaiosu<nh, -hj, h[ righteousness righteousness e]a<n e]a<n if, when if, when ei]rh<nh, -hj, h[ ei]rh<nh, -hj, h[ peace peace oi#da oi#da I know I know

Chapter 18 Vocabulary oi]ki<a, -aj, h[ oi]ki<a, -aj, h[ house house o[ra<w o[ra<w I see I see peripate<w peripate<w I walk I walk pw?j pw?j how? how? fobe<omai fobe<omai I fear I fear

Chapter 17 Vocabulary ε ἰ ε ἰ –if, that ἐ σθίω ἐ σθίω –I eat ζάω ζάω –I live ζητέω ζητέω –I seek ἤ –or, either

Chapter 17 Vocabulary καλέω καλέω –I call λαλέω λαλέω –I speak, say παρακαλέω παρακαλέω –I urge, exhort πληρόω πληρόω –I fill, complete ποιέω ποιέω –I do, make

Chapter 16 Vocabulary Chapter 16 Vocabulary α ἰ ων, - ῶ νος, ὁ α ἰ ων, - ῶ νος, ὁ »Age, eternity ἀ λλήλων ἀ λλήλων »one another ἀ ριερεύς, -έως, ὁ ἀ ριερεύς, -έως, ὁ »High priest γυνή, -αικός, ἡ γυνή, -αικός, ἡ »woman δύναμαι δύναμαι »I can, am able

Chapter 16 Vocabulary ἔ θνος, -ους, τό ἔ θνος, -ους, τό »nation ὅ σος, -η, -ον ὅ σος, -η, -ον »as great as πόλις, -εως, ἡ πόλις, -εως, ἡ »city τέ τέ »And, and so χείρ, χειρός, ἡ χείρ, χειρός, ἡ »hand

Chapter 15 Vocabulary Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἄ λλος, -η, -ο ἄ λλος, -η, -ο »other ἄ ρτος, -ου, ὁ ἄ ρτος, -ου, ὁ »bread δε ῖ δε ῖ »it is necessary ἐ ξουσία, -ας, ἡ ἐ ξουσία, -ας, ἡ »authority ἕ τερος, -α, -ον ἕ τερος, -α, -ον »different

Chapter 15 Vocabulary ἔ τι ἔ τι »yet, still ὀ φθαλμός, -ο ῦ, ὁ ὀ φθαλμός, -ο ῦ, ὁ »eye τέκνον, -ου, τό τέκνον, -ου, τό »child τόπος, -ου, ὁ τόπος, -ου, ὁ »place φ ῶ ς, φωτός, τό φ ῶ ς, φωτός, τό »light

Chapter 14 Vocabulary α ἷ μα, -ματος, τό α ἷ μα, -ματος, τό –blood α ἴ ρω α ἴ ρω –I raise, take up διδάσκω διδάσκω –I teach ἴ διος, -α, -ον ἴ διος, -α, -ον –one's own καλός, -ή, -όν καλός, -ή, -όν –good

Chapter 14 Vocabulary μέλλω μέλλω –I am about to, intend ὁ δός, -ο ῦ, ἡ ὁ δός, -ο ῦ, ἡ –way πολύς, πολλή, πολύ πολύς, πολλή, πολύ –much, many σ ῶ μα, -ματος, τό σ ῶ μα, -ματος, τό –body ψυχή, - ῆ ς, ἡ ψυχή, - ῆ ς, ἡ –soul, life

Chapter 13 Vocabulary ἀ νήρ, ἀ νδρός, ὁ ἀ νήρ, ἀ νδρός, ὁ »man, husband βασιλεύς, - ἐ ως, ὁ βασιλεύς, - ἐ ως, ὁ »king δύναμις, -εως, ἡ δύναμις, -εως, ἡ »power, miracle ὄ νομα, -ματος, τό ὄ νομα, -ματος, τό »name π ᾶ ς, π ᾶ σα, π ᾶ ν π ᾶ ς, π ᾶ σα, π ᾶ ν »each, every, all

Chapter 13 Vocabulary πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ »father πιστις, πίστεως, ἡ πιστις, πίστεως, ἡ »faith, belief πνε ῦ μα, -ατος, τό πνε ῦ μα, -ατος, τό »spirit, wind σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ »flesh, body χάρις, -ιτος, ἡ χάρις, -ιτος, ἡ »grace, kindness

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ἀ ποθν ῄ σκω ἀ ποθν ῄ σκω –I die ἐ κε ῖ ἐ κε ῖ – there ἕ ως ἕ ως –until ἰ δού ἰ δού –behold

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ἵ να ἵ να in order that, that in order that, that Ἰ ωάννης, -ου, ὁ Ἰ ωάννης, -ου, ὁ –John μέν μέν –on the one hand, indeed ὅ λος, -η, -ον ὅ λος, -η, -ον –whole, entire

Chapter 12 Vocabulary ὅ τε ὅ τε –when σύν σύν –with

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ἀ πέρχομαι ἀ πέρχομαι – I go away, leave ἐ κε ῖ νος ἐ κε ῖ νος –that Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον –Jewish καθώς καθώς –as, just as

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ὅ ς, ἥ, ὅ ὅ ς, ἥ, ὅ –who, which ὅ ταν ὅ ταν –when πάλιν πάλιν –again ο ὗ τος, α ὗ τη, το ῦ το ο ὗ τος, α ὗ τη, το ῦ το –this

Chapter 11 Vocabulary Πέτρος, -ου, ὁ Πέτρος, -ου, ὁ –Peter ὑ πέρ ὑ πέρ –for, about (gen.) –above, beyond (acc.)

Chapter 11 Vocabulary ὑ πέρ ὑ πέρ –for, about (gen.) –above, beyond (acc.)

life life –ζωή, - ῆ ς, ἡ death death –θάνατος, -ου, ὁ I judge I judge –κρίνω I remain I remain –μένω only, alone only, alone –μόνος, -η, -ον Vocabulary Ch. 10

now now –νῦν–νῦν–νῦν–νῦν and not, nor and not, nor –ο ὐ δέ Paul Paul –Πα ῦ λος I save I save –σ ῴ ζω then then –τότε Vocabulary Ch. 10

I answer I answer – ἀ ποκρίνομαι I send I send – ἀ ποστέλλω I throw I throw – βάλλω I become I become – γίνομαι I come in I come in –ε ἰ σέρχομαι Vocabulary Ch. 9

I go out I go out – ἐ ξέρχομαι I come/go I come/go – ἔ ρχομαι I wish I wish – θέλω thus, so thus, so – ο ὕ τως I go I go – πορεύομαι Vocabulary Ch. 9

he/she/it he/she/it –α ὐ τός, -ή, -ό land, earth, region land, earth, region –γ ῆ, - ῆ ς, ἡ I, we I, we – ἐ γώ, ἡ με ῖ ς day day – ἡ μέρα, -ας, ἡ that, so that that, so that – ὅ τι Vocabulary Ch. 8

so, then, therefore so, then, therefore –οὖν–οὖν–οὖν–οὖν crowd crowd – ὄ χλος, -ου, ὁ from from –παρά (with Gen.) beside, with beside, with –παρά (with Dat.) alongside, beside alongside, beside –παρά (with Acc.) Vocabulary Ch. 8

you / you (pl) you / you (pl) –σύ / ὑ με ῖ ς by, at the hands of by, at the hands of – ὑ πό (with Gen.) under, below under, below – ὑ πό (with Acc.) Vocabulary Ch. 8

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 good ἀ γαθός, -ή, -όν ἀ γαθός, -ή, -όν Holy Holy ἅ γιος, -α, -ον ἅ γιος, -α, -ονrighteous δίκαιοις, -α, -ον δίκαιοις, -α, -ον

Vocabulary – Ch. 7 I am ε ἰ μί ε ἰ μί Jewish, a Jew Jewish, a Jew Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Ἰ ουδα ῖ ος, -α, -ον Great Great μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα

Vocabulary -- Ch. 7 dead dead νεκρός, -ά, -όν νεκρός, -ά, -όν no, not no, not ο ὐ, ο ὐ κ, ο ὐ χ ο ὐ, ο ὐ κ, ο ὐ χ first first πρ ῶ τος, -η, -ον πρ ῶ τος, -η, -ον voice voice φωνή, - ῆ ς, ἡ φωνή, - ῆ ς, ἡ

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἀ πό (Gen.) ἀ πό (Gen.) –from διά (Gen.) διά (Gen.) –through διά (Acc.) διά (Acc.) –on account of ε ἰ ς (Acc.) ε ἰ ς (Acc.) –into

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ κ (Gen.) ἐ κ (Gen.) –out of, from ἐ ν (Dat.) ἐ ν (Dat.) –in ἐ πί (Gen.) ἐ πί (Gen.) –on, over ἐ πί (Dat.) ἐ πί (Dat.) –on, at, against, on the basis of

Chapter 6 Vocabulary ἐ πί (Acc.) ἐ πί (Acc.) –on, to, toward, against κατά (Gen.) κατά (Gen.) –down, against κατά (Acc.) κατά (Acc.) –according to μετά (Gen.) μετά (Gen.) –with

Chapter 6 Vocabulary μετά (Acc.) μετά (Acc.) –after, behind περί (Gen.) περί (Gen.) –about, concerning περί (Acc.) περί (Acc.) –around, near πρός (Acc.) πρός (Acc.) –to

Ch. 5 -- Vocabulary love ἀ γάπη, -ης, ἡ ἀ γάπη, -ης, ἡtruth ἀ λήθεια, -ας, ἡ ἀ λήθεια, -ας, ἡsin ἁ μαρτία, -ας, ἡ ἁ μαρτία, -ας, ἡkingdom βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ writing, Scripture γραφή, - ῆ ς, ἡ γραφή, - ῆ ς, ἡ

Ch. 5 -- Vocabulary I raise up ἐ γείρω ἐ γείρω assembly, church ἐ κκλησία, -ας, ἡ ἐ κκλησία, -ας, ἡwork ἔ ργον, -ου, τό ἔ ργον, -ου, τόdisciple μαθητής, -ο ῦ, ὁ μαθητής, -ο ῦ, ὁHour ὥ ρα, -ας, ἡ ὥ ρα, -ας, ἡ

Ch. 4 -- Vocabulary I love ἀ γαπάω ἀ γαπάω I write γράφω γράφω but, and δέ δέ servant, slave δο ῦ λος, -ου, ὁ δο ῦ λος, -ου, ὁ I find ε ὑ ρίσκω ε ὑ ρίσκω

Ch. 4 -- Vocabulary temple ἱ ερόν, -ο ῦ, τό ἱ ερόν, -ο ῦ, τό People People λαός, -ο ῦ, ὁ λαός, -ο ῦ, ὁ law law νόμος, -ου, ὁ νόμος, -ου, ὁhouse ο ἶ κος, -ου, ὁ ο ἶ κος, -ου, ὁ as, about, how ὡ ς ὡ ς

Ch. 3 -- Vocabulary but, yet but, yet ἀ λλ ἀ ἀ λλ ἀ apostle, sent one apostle, sent one ἀ πόστολος, -ου, ὁ ἀ πόστολος, -ου, ὁ I see I see βλέπω βλέπω for, then for, then γάρ γάρ I know I know γινώσκω γινώσκω

Ch. 3 -- Vocabulary Jesus Jesus Ἰ ησο ῦ ς, -ο ῦ, ὁ Ἰ ησο ῦ ς, -ο ῦ, ὁ I take, receive I take, receive λαμβάνω λαμβάνω I loose I loose λύω λύω heaven heaven ο ὐ ρανός, -ο ῦ, ὁ ο ὐ ρανός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I believe I believe πιστεύω πιστεύω

Ch. 2 -- Vocabulary brother brother ἀ δελφός, -ο ῦ, ὁ ἀ δελφός, -ο ῦ, ὁ I hear, obey I hear, obey ἀ κούω ἀ κούω glory, fame glory, fame δόξα, -ης, ἡ δόξα, -ης, ἡ I have I have ἔ χω ἔ χω world world κόσμος, -ου, ὁ κόσμος, -ου, ὁ

Ch. 2 -- Vocabulary Lord, sir Lord, sir κύριος, -ου, ὁ κύριος, -ου, ὁ word word λόγος, -ου, ὁ λόγος, -ου, ὁ Peter Peter Π ἑ τρος, -ου, ὁ Π ἑ τρος, -ου, ὁ son son υ ἱ ός, -ο ῦ, ὁ υ ἱ ός, -ο ῦ, ὁ Pharisee Pharisee Φαρισα ῖ ος, -ου, ὁ Φαρισα ῖ ος, -ου, ὁ

Ch. 1 -- Vocabulary angel, messenger ἄ γγελος, -ου, ὁ verily, truly ἀ μήν man, humankind ἄ νθρωπος, -ου, ὁ I ἐ γώ ἐ γώGod θεός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

Ch. 1 -- Vocabulary and, also, even καίheart καρδία, -ας, ἡ I say I sayλέγωprophet προφήτης, -ου, ὁ Christ, Messiah Χριστός, -ο ῦ, ὁ

In Order Vocabulary Review